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CH0-1.DOC
========================================================
= =
= TURBO ENHANCEMENT TOOLKIT =
= =
= User's Guide =
= =
= Version 3.0 =
= =
= (C) Copyright 1986, 1987, 1988 - All Rights Reserved =
= =
========================================================
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Operating system: ____________________________________
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Programming experience: ____ years;
Please rate the usefullness (U) and ease of use (E) for each routine
on a scale of 1 to 10 where 1 is poor, 5 is average and 10 is
excellent.
VIDEO
U E Comments
___ ___ BorderColor _____________________________________
___ ___ ClrWin _____________________________________
___ ___ ColorMsg _____________________________________
___ ___ DspMsg _____________________________________
___ ___ EditSt _____________________________________
___ ___ FillColAttr _____________________________________
___ ___ FillColCell _____________________________________
___ ___ FillColChar _____________________________________
___ ___ FillFrameAttr _____________________________________
___ ___ FillFrameCell _____________________________________
___ ___ FillFrameChar _____________________________________
___ ___ FillRowAttr _____________________________________
___ ___ FillRowCell _____________________________________
___ ___ FillRowChar _____________________________________
___ ___ FrameWin _____________________________________
___ ___ GetCursorSize _____________________________________
___ ___ GetFrameAttr _____________________________________
___ ___ GetFrameCell _____________________________________
___ ___ GetFrameChar _____________________________________
___ ___ GetScrn _____________________________________
___ ___ GetVideoCols _____________________________________
___ ___ GetVideoInfo _____________________________________
___ ___ GetVideoMode _____________________________________
___ ___ GetVideoPage _____________________________________
___ ___ GotoxyAbs _____________________________________
___ ___ InitVideo _____________________________________
___ ___ PutFrameAttr _____________________________________
___ ___ PutFrameCell _____________________________________
___ ___ PutFrameChar _____________________________________
___ ___ PutScrn _____________________________________
___ ___ RvsAttr _____________________________________
___ ___ ScrollDown _____________________________________
___ ___ ScrollLeft _____________________________________
___ ___ ScrollRight _____________________________________
___ ___ ScrollUp _____________________________________
___ ___ SetCursorSize _____________________________________
___ ___ SetVideoPage _____________________________________
___ ___ VioInit _____________________________________
___ ___ WhereXAbs _____________________________________
___ ___ WhereYAbs _____________________________________
___ ___ WriteSt _____________________________________
___ ___ WriteStLn _____________________________________
KEYBOARD
___ ___ BiosKbdClr _____________________________________
___ ___ BiosKbdGetElmt _____________________________________
___ ___ BiosKbdHit _____________________________________
___ ___ BiosKbdRead _____________________________________
___ ___ BiosKbdStat _____________________________________
___ ___ DosKbdClr _____________________________________
___ ___ DosKbdGetElmt _____________________________________
___ ___ DosKbdHit _____________________________________
___ ___ DosKbdRead _____________________________________
PRINTER
___ ___ BiosPrtChar _____________________________________
___ ___ BiosPrtInit _____________________________________
___ ___ BiosPrtStat _____________________________________
___ ___ DosPrtChar _____________________________________
DISK
___ ___ CloseFile _____________________________________
___ ___ CreateFile _____________________________________
___ ___ DosFindFirst _____________________________________
___ ___ DosFindNext _____________________________________
___ ___ FSeek _____________________________________
___ ___ GetDrive _____________________________________
___ ___ GetDTA _____________________________________
___ ___ GetFileSize _____________________________________
___ ___ GetNDrvs _____________________________________
___ ___ OpenFile _____________________________________
___ ___ ReadFile _____________________________________
___ ___ ResetDisk _____________________________________
___ ___ ResetErrCodes _____________________________________
___ ___ RestInt24 _____________________________________
___ ___ SetDTA _____________________________________
___ ___ SetInt24 _____________________________________
___ ___ WriteFile _____________________________________
MOUSE
___ ___ MButtonPress _____________________________________
___ ___ MButtonRel _____________________________________
___ ___ MGetPos _____________________________________
___ ___ MGetSpeed _____________________________________
___ ___ MGraphCursor _____________________________________
___ ___ MHideCursor _____________________________________
___ ___ MInitEventHandler _____________________________________
___ ___ MResetMouse _____________________________________
___ ___ MRetQue _____________________________________
___ ___ MSetPos _____________________________________
___ ___ MSetSpeed _____________________________________
___ ___ MSetXRange _____________________________________
___ ___ MSetYRange _____________________________________
___ ___ MShowCursor _____________________________________
___ ___ MTextCursor _____________________________________
List additional procedures and functions you would like to see. (Use
the back or another sheet of paper if necessary.)
Comments and suggestions:
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Please write other suggestions or comments on the back of this form.
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1
Introduction ............................. 1-1
CHAPTER 2 - VIDEO PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS
Global Type Declarations.................. 2-1
Global Variables.......................... 2-1
BorderColor............................... 2-2
ClrWin.................................... 2-3
ColorMsg.................................. 2-4
DspMsg.................................... 2-5
EditSt.................................... 2-6
FillColAttr............................... 2-11
FillColCell............................... 2-12
FillColChar............................... 2-13
FillFrameAttr............................. 2-14
FillFrameCell............................. 2-15
FillFrameChar............................. 2-16
FillRowAttr............................... 2-17
FillRowCell............................... 2-18
FillRowChar............................... 2-19
FrameWin.................................. 2-20
GetCursorSize............................. 2-22
GetFrameAttr.............................. 2-23
GetFrameCell.............................. 2-24
GetFrameChar.............................. 2-25
GetScrn................................... 2-26
GetVideoCols.............................. 2-28
GetVideoInfo.............................. 2-29
GetVideoMode.............................. 2-30
GetVideoPage.............................. 2-31
GotoxyAbs................................. 2-32
InitVideo................................. 2-33
PutFrameAttr.............................. 2-34
PutFrameCell.............................. 2-36
PutFrameChar.............................. 2-37
PutScrn................................... 2-39
RvsAttr................................... 2-41
ScrollDown................................ 2-42
ScrollLeft................................ 2-44
ScrollRight............................... 2-46
ScrollUp.................................. 2-48
SetCursorSize............................. 2-50
SetVideoPage.............................. 2-52
VioInit................................... 2-53
WhereXAbs................................. 2-54
WhereYAbs................................. 2-55
WriteSt................................... 2-56
WriteStLn................................. 2-57
CHAPTER 3 - KEYBOARD PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS
Global Type Declarations.................. 3-1
BiosKbdClr................................ 3-2
BiosKbdGetElmt............................ 3-3
BiosKbdHit................................ 3-4
BiosKbdRead............................... 3-5
BiosKbdStat............................... 3-7
DosKbdClr................................. 3-9
DosKbdGetElmt............................. 3-10
DosKbdHit................................. 3-11
DosKbdRead................................ 3-12
GetKeyU................................... 3-14
GetKey.................................... 3-15
CHAPTER 4 - PRINTER PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS
BiosPrtChar............................... 4-1
BiosPrtInit............................... 4-2
BiosPrtStat............................... 4-3
DosPrtChar................................ 4-4
CHAPTER 5 - DISK PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS
Global Type Declarations.................. 5-1
Global Varibles........................... 5-1
CloseFile................................. 5-2
CreateFile................................ 5-3
DosFindFirst.............................. 5-5
DosFindNext............................... 5-7
FSeek..................................... 5-8
GetDrive.................................. 5-10
GetDTA.................................... 5-11
GetFileSize............................... 5-12
GetNDrvs.................................. 5-13
OpenFile.................................. 5-14
ReadFile.................................. 5-16
ResetDisk................................. 5-18
ResetErrCodes............................. 5-19
RestInt24................................. 5-20
SetDTA.................................... 5-21
SetInt24.................................. 5-22
WriteFile................................. 5-24
CHAPTER 6 - MOUSE PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS
Global Varibles........................... 6-1
MButtonPress.............................. 6-2
MButtonRel................................ 6-3
MGetPos................................... 6-4
MGetSpeed................................. 6-5
MGraphCursor.............................. 6-6
MHideCursor............................... 6-8
MInitEventHandler......................... 6-9
MResetMouse............................... 6-10
MRetQue................................... 6-11
MSetPos................................... 6-12
MSetSpeed................................. 6-13
MSetXRange................................ 6-14
MSetYRange................................ 6-15
MShowCursor............................... 6-16
MTextCursor............................... 6-17
APPENDIX A
Summary of Procedures and Functions ...... A-1
APPENDIX B
Keyboard codes ........................... B-1
APPENDIX C
Keyboard element codes ................... C-1
APPENDIX D
Keyboard return codes .................... D-1
APPENDIX E
Keyboard scan codes ...................... E-1
CH1-1.DOC
INTRODUCTION
This is a reference manual for the Turbo Enhancement Toolkit
library unit. This implementation is for use with Turbo Pascal in
the PC-DOS operating system. A working knowledge of Turbo Pascal
and personal computers is assumed.
The routines that are included here were created to provide a
programmer with low level routines that access the video display,
keyboard, printer, disk, and mouse devices. These routines are not
intended to replace the standard features of Turbo Pascal. They
were created to enhance and extend the versatility of the Turbo
Pascal programming language.
In order to keep the confusion of using these routines down the
number of global type and variable declarations needed for use
with these Turbo Pascal Units (TPUs) have been kept to a minimum.
These units are assembly language object modules that have been
converted into Turbo Pascal Units. If you want to use any routine
from any of these library units you only need to include the
"USES SSxxxxx" clause at the beginning of your module. There are
a total of seven units available.
SSDISK Supports several DOS function calls that use byte
streams when accessing disk files.
SSDOS A function to Beep the speaker. (Need more ideas for
this unit).
SSGETKEY Required for EditSt in the SSVIDEO unit.
SSKBD Supports BIOS and DOS keyboard function calls.
SSMOUSE Supports basic mouse functions, including a mouse
event handler.
SSPRT Support BIOS printer functions.
SSVIDEO Several video routines that provide direct access
the video display. Routines include saving and
restoring the screen, framing windows, setting the
absolute position of the cursor, etc.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Sample Procedure/Function
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose What the procedure/function does
Declaration Procedure/Funciton declaration with parameter list.
Parameters Parm1 Parm1 description.
Parm2 Parm2 description
Remarks General comments.
See Also Related procedures/functions etc
Example Sample program or code fragment.
CH2-1.DOC
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Global Type Declarations
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Type
TSet = Set Of 0..255;
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Global Variable Declarations
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Var
VioMode : Word; contains the current video mode.
VioPage : Word; contains the active video page in use.
The value should always be zero for a
monochrome adapter.
VioCols : Word; contains the screen width which is the
total number of characters per line.
VioCursor : Word; contains the size of the cursor with the
starting scan line in the high byte and
the ending scan line in the low byte.
VioBaseSeg : Word; contains the base segment address of the
current video page.
InsMode : Word; global variable used by EditSt indicating
if the cursor is in insert or overwrite
mode.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
BorderColor Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Sets the color for the border screen.
Declaration Procedure BorderColor(Color : Integer);
Parameters Color integer defining the color of the border
screen.
Remarks The following colors are allowed for the border color if
you have a Color/Graphics Monitor Adapter. BorderColor
does not have any effect on a monochrome display.
0 Black 8 Gray
1 Blue 9 Light Blue
2 Green 10 Light Green
3 Cyan 11 Light Cyan
4 Red 12 Light Red
5 Magenta 13 Light Magenta
6 Brown 14 Yellow
7 White 15 High-intensity White
Example Program DisplayBorder;
Uses SSVideo;
Var
i : Integer;
Begin
For i := 0 To 15 Do Begin
BorderColor(i);
Readln;
End;
End.
In this example the sixteen available colors for the
border will be displayed. A new color will be displayed
each time the enter key is pressed.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
ClrWin Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Clear window area with the specified color.
Declaration Procedure ClrWin(X1,Y1,X2,Y2,Attr : Integer);
Parameters X1 integer expression defining the left
column of the window area to be cleared.
Y1 integer expression defining the top row
of the window area oto be cleared.
X2 integer expression defining the right
column of the window area to be cleared.
Y2 integer expression defining the bottom
row of the window area to be cleared.
Attr integer expression in the range 0-255
defining the foreground and background
byte combination for the color of the
window.
Remarks This procedure will blank the window area for the
window coordinates that are passed. ClrWin does not
move the cursor from its current position.
Example Program ClearWindow;
Uses SSVideo;
Begin
ClrWin(5,5,40,20,7)
End.
When ClrWin is called in this example the window area
(5,5,40,20) will be cleared with a the attribute value
of 7.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
ColorMsg Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Display string on the screen using the color attribute
specified.
Declaration Procedure ColorMsg(X,Y,Attr : Integer;
Message : String);
Parameters X integer expression defining the column to
begin display of the message.
Y integer expression defining the row to
begin display of the message.
Attr integer expression in the range 0-255.
It is the color to use for displaying the
message.
Message any valid string expression.
Remarks ColorMsg is NOT sensitive to Turbo's currently defined
window and will wrap around to column one on the next
line of the screen when necessary. ColorMsg will not
scroll the screen if the data to be displayed is to
extend beyond the last row of the screen.
Example Program DisplayColorMessage;
Uses SSVideo;
Var
i : Integer;
Begin
ClrScr;
For i := 0 To 8 Do Begin
ColorMsg(1,i+1,1+i,'Color-line '+ Chr(i+49));
ColorMsg(1,i+10,48+i,'Color-Line ' + Chr(i+49));
End;
End.
This program example will display nine lines on the
upper and lower half of the screen. The upper half of
the screen will display black as the background color.
The lower half will use cyan as the background color.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
DspMsg Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Display string on the screen without changing the color
attribute that is currently on the display screen.
Declaration Procedure ColorMsg(X,Y : Integer;
Message : String);
Parameters X integer expression defining the column to
begin display of the message.
Y integer expression defining the row to
begin display of the message.
Message any valid string expression.
Remarks DspMsg is NOT sensitive to Turbo's currently defined
window and will wrap around to column one on the next
line of the screen when necessary. DspMsg will not
scroll the screen if the data to be displayed is to
extend beyond the last row of the screen.
Example Program DisplayMessage;
Uses SSVideo;
Var
i : Integer;
Begin
ClrWin(1,1,80,25,7);
For i := 1 To 25 Do
FillRowAttr(1,i,80,i);
For i := 1 To 25 Do
DspMsg(1,i,'This is a test message');
End.
This program example will display a different attribute
color to each row of the display, then a message will
be displayed on each line without changing the
attribute bytes that already exist on the screen.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
EditSt Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Edit an existing or null string from the keyboard.
Declaration Procedure EditSt( Row,
StCol,
SpCol,
Len,
CharCase,
FillCh,
AutoSkip,
ErrTone,
ErrDur : Integer;
VCSet,
TCSet : TSet;
Var ChOfs,TE : Integer;
Var St : String );
Parameters Row integer expression defining the row to
edit the string on.
StCol integer expression defining the left or
start column of the field to edit. This
value must be less that or equal to
SpCol.
SpCol integer expression defining the right or
stop column of the field to edit. This
value must be greater that or equal to
StCol.
Len integer expression in the range of 1-255.
It is the maximum length of the string to
be edited from the keyboard.
CharCase integer in the range 1-3. The Case Mode
indicator defines how a character is
displayed on the screen and stored in the
string variable being edited.
1 = Do nothing to character
2 = All characters to upper case
3 = All characters to lower case
FillCh integer expression in the range of 0-255.
This defines the ascii character that is
displayed in the field for undefined
character positions in the field being
edited.
AutoSkip integer expression indicating if an auto
exit is desired when the last character
in the field has been typed.
0 - No auto exit
1 - Auto exit after last character in
field is entered.
ErrTone integer expression in units giving the
frequency for beeping the speaker.
ErrDur integer expression in units giving the
length of time the speaker is to beep.
VCSet is the set of valid characters, [0..255],
that will be accepted for data entry.
TCSet is the set of extended keyboard
characters, [0..255], that are allowed to
terminate this procedure. (Refer to
appendix C for a listing of these codes.)
CharOfs is an integer expression that indicates
the beginning curosr position within the
string. If CharOfs is a 1 then editing
will begin in the first column of the
field input area. If CharOfs is 256 or
greater than the length of the string to
be edited the cursor will be positioned
after the last character in the string.
On exit from EditSt CharOfs will contain
the cursor position within the string.
TE is the terminating element number that
terminated the string input procedure.
TE will be in the range of 0-255 which
corresponds to the element number in
appendix C.
St the string to receive data entered from
the keyboard.
Remarks The maximum length of the string to edit is 255
characters. The data will be entered on one line. If
the maximum length of the string exceeds the number of
display columns, SpCol - StCol + 1, the string will
scroll horizontally on the screen within the StCol and
SpCol columns.
Editing Keys The following gives an explanation of the editing keys
that may be used with EditSt, provided the key pressed
is not defined in the terminating character set. EditSt
calls the function GetKey, in the unit SSGetKey, which
returns an integer. This integer is a value from 0-384
which corresponds to an element number that is defined
in Appendix C. The function GetKey is provided with a
table that maps the key element numbers to the index
number. Example, If the cursor is to move right one
character position using the Ctrl-D key combination the
value for Ctrl-D index key (element number 136) must
map to the right arrow key (element number 77). The
initialization of the Ctrl-D key for KeyTable[136]
would be 77.
LeftArr will move the cursor left one character
position on the screen until the StCol
is reached. If the beginning of the
string has not been reached the string
will be scrolled on the screen within the
StCol and SpCol boundaries.
RightArr will move the cursor right one character
position on the screen until the end of
the string is reached. If the cursor is
in the SpCol and there is still more in
the string that can be displayed the
string will then be scrolled within the
StCol and SpCol boundaries.
Home will place the cursor in the StCol on the
screen and positioned under the first
character in the edit string.
End will position the cursor after the last
character in the edit string.
BackSpace If the StCol is displaying the first
character in the string being edited
the cursor will move to the left one
column and delete the character in that
column. If the character being displayed
in the StCol is not the first character
in the string being edited the cursor
will remain in the same column position
and delete the character to the left of
the cursor and pull the string towards
the cursor.
Esc will blank the string currently in the
field. If the field is already blank
the procedure will restore the string
that was passed to this procedure.
Tab or will move the cursor to the right five
Ctrl column positions if the SpCol has not
RightArr been reached. If the StCol has been
reached then the string display will be
shifted right.
Ctrl will move the cursor to the left five
LeftArr column positions if the StCol has not
or been reached. If the cursor is in the
ShftTab StCol then only the display string will
be adjusted to reflect the movement of
the cursor.
Del removes the character the cursor is under
and decrements the string length by one.
All the characters to the right of the
cursor position are moved left one
position within the string and display
area.
Ctrl-X will delete all characters from the
current string position to the end of the
string. All deleted characters will be
replaced with the FillCh that was
specified when calling this procedure.
Example Program TestEditSt;
Uses SSVideo;
Var
St : String;
CharOfs,TE : Integer;
VCSet,TCSet : TSet; {- TSet type is defined -}
Begin {- within the VIDEO.TPU -}
CharOfs := 1;
VCSet := [32..126];
TCSet := [1,13,72,80];
EditSt(5,10,20,30,2,7,0,5000,5000,
VCSet,TCSet,CharOfs,TE,St);
End;
This example will edit a string of up to thirty
characters into St. The screen will display each
character as entered starting in column ten on row
five. The display area of the screen goes from columns
ten to twenty and will do a horizontal scroll in that
area when the eleventh character is entered.
All alphabetic characters, ['a'..'z'], will
automatically be converted to upper case.
The keys that will terminate this procedure are the
Esc, Enter, Up and Down Arrow keys. TE will return the
proper terminating element number as given in appendix
C.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
FillColAttr Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Display a column of attribute bytes on the screen.
Declaration Procedure FillColAttr(X,Y,NRows,Attr : Integer);
Parameters X integer expression defining the column to
begin display of the attribute.
Y integer expression defining the row to
begin display of the attribute.
NRows integer expression in the range 1-25 for
the number of rows to display the
attribute byte on.
Attr integer expression in the range 0-255. It
is the attribute byte to be displayed on
the screen.
Remarks FillColAttr always acts on the entire screen and is NOT
sensitive to Turbo's currently defined window.
See also FillColCell,FillColChar
Example Program TestFillColAttr;
Uses SSVideo;
Var
i : Integer;
Begin
ClrScr;
For i := 1 To 80 Do
FillColAttr(i,1,20,48+i);
Readln;
End.
In this example the attribute 48+i will be displayed
twenty times in each column of the display starting on
row one of the screen.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
FillColCell Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Fill a column on the screen with a character.
Declaration Procedure FillColCell(X,Y,NRows,Cell : Word);
Parameters X integer expression defining the column to
begin display of the character attribute.
Y integer expression defining the row to
begin display of the character attribute.
NRows integer expression in the range 1-25 for
the number of rows to display the
character and attribute bytes on the
screen.
Cell integer expression in the range 0-255.
This is the character and attribute byte
combination where the high order byte is
the character and the low order byte is
the attribute to be displayed Num times
in the column on the screen.
Remarks FillColCell always acts on the entire screen and is NOT
sensitive to Turbo's currently defined window.
See also FillColAttr,FillColChar
Example For i := 1 To 80 Do
FillColCell(i,1,20,((65+i) * 256) + 48+i);
In this example the character is ordinal value of 'A'
plus i and attribute value is 48+i. The character
attribute cell combination will be displayed twenty
times in each column of the display starting on row one
of the screen.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
FillColChar Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Fill a column on the screen with a character.
Declaration Procedure FillColChar(X,Y,NRows : Integer; Ch : Char);
Parameters X integer expression defining the column to
begin display of the character.
Y integer expression defining the row to
begin display of the character.
NRows integer expression in the range 1-25 for
the number of rows to display the
character on.
Ch integer expression in the range 0-255. It
is the character to be displayed on the
screen.
Remarks FillColChar always acts on the entire screen and is NOT
sensitive to Turbo's currently defined window.
See also FillColAttr,FillColCell
Example Program TestFillColChar;
Uses SSVideo;
Var
i : Integer;
Begin
ClrScr;
For i := 1 To 80 Do
FillColChar(i,1,20,Chr(64+i));
Readln;
End.
In this example the character '@'+i will be displayed
twenty times in each column of the display starting on
row one of the screen.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
FillFrameAttr Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Fill the frame area defined by X1,Y1,X2,Y2 coordinates
with the attribute byte defined.
Declaration Procedure FillFrameAttr(X1,Y1,X2,Y2,Attr : Integer);
Parmaeters X1 integer expression defining the left
column on the screen of the frame area.
X1 must be less than or equal to X2.
Y1 integer expression defining the top row
on the screen of the frame area. Y1 be
less than or equal to Y2.
X2 integer expression defining the right
column on the screen. X2 must be greater
than or equal to X1.
Y2 integer expression defining the bottom
row on the screen. Y2 must be greater
than or equal to Y1.
Attr integer expression in the range 0-255.
It is the attribute to be displayed on
the screen in the specified frame area.
See also FillFrameCell,FillFrameChar
Example Program TestFillFrameAttr;
Uses SSVideo;
Begin
FillFrameAttr(1,1,80,25,48);
End.
FillFrameAttr in this example will, on a color display,
make the background color cyan and all display
characters black for the foreground color.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
FillFrameCell Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Fill the frame area defined by X1,Y1,X2,Y2 coordinates
with the cell defined.
Declaration Procedure FillFrameCell(X1,Y1,X2,Y2 : Integer;
Cell : Word );
Parmaeters X1 integer expression defining the left
column on the screen of the frame area.
X1 must be less than or equal to X2.
Y1 integer expression defining the top row
on the screen of the frame area. Y1 be
less than or equal to Y2.
X2 integer expression defining the right
column on the screen. X2 must be greater
than or equal to X1.
Y2 integer expression defining the bottom
row on the screen. Y2 must be greater
than or equal to Y1.
Cell integer expression in the range 0-255.
This is the character and attribute byte
combination where the high byte is the
character and the low byte is the
attribute for the cell to be displayed on
the screen in the specified frame area.
See also FillFrameAttr,FillFrameChar
Example Program TestFillFrameCell;
Uses SSVideo;
Begin
FillFrameCell(1,1,80,25,$2007);
End.
FillFrameCell in this example will move spaces to every
character byte on the screen and the attribute
byte will get the decimal character 07. This call will
have the same effect as a cls from DOS.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
FillFrameChar Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Fill the frame area defined by X1,Y1,X2,Y2 coordinates
with the character byte defined.
Declaration Procedure FillFrameChar(X1,Y1,X2,Y2 : Integer;
Ch : Char );
Parmaeters X1 integer expression defining the left
column on the screen of the frame area.
X1 must be less than or equal to X2.
Y1 integer expression defining the top row
on the screen of the frame area. Y1 be
less than or equal to Y2.
X2 integer expression defining the right
column on the screen. X2 must be greater
than or equal to X1.
Y2 integer expression defining the bottom
row on the screen. Y2 must be greater
than or equal to Y1.
Ch the character that will be displayed on
the screen in the specified frame area.
See also FillFrameAttr,FillFrameCell
Example Program TestFillFrameChar;
Uses SSVideo;
Begin
FillFrameChar(1,1,80,25,' ');
End.
FillFrameChar in this example will move spaces to every
character byte on the screen. It will have
almost the same effect as a ClrScr call.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
FillRowAttr Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Write N copies of the attribute byte on the screen
starting at the specified X,Y coordinates.
Declaration Procedure FillRowAttr(X,Y,NBytes,Attr : Integer);
Parameters X integer expression defining the column to
begin display of the attribute byte.
Y integer expression defining the row to
begin display of the attribute byte.
NBytes integer expression giving the number of
times to display the attribute byte on
the screen.
Attr integer expression in the range 0-255.
It is the attribute byte to be displayed
on the screen.
Remarks FillRowAttr always acts on the entire screen and is NOT
sensitive to Turbo's currently defined window.
See also FillRowCell,FillRowChar
Example Program TestFillRowAttr;
Uses SSVideo;
Begin
FillRowAttr(1,1,80,48);
End;
In this example, starting at row one, column one of the
screen the color attribute byte 48 will be used.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
FillRowCell Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Write N copies of the character and attribute byte on
the screen starting at the specified X,Y coordinates.
Declaration Procedure FillRowCell(X,Y,NWords : Integer;
Cell : Word );
Parameters X integer expression defining the column to
begin display of the cell word.
Y integer expression defining the row to
begin display of the cell word.
NWords integer expression giving the number of
times to display the character and
attribute bytes on the screen.
Cell the character and attribute bytes to be
displayed on the screen.
Remarks FillRowCell always acts on the entire screen and is NOT
sensitive to Turbo's currently defined window.
See also FillRowAttr,FillRowChar
Example Program TestFillRowCell;
Uses SSVideo;
Begin
FillRowCell(1,1,80,(Ord('-') * 256) + 7);
End.
In this example eighty minus sign characters will be
displayed starting on row one, column one of the
screen. The attribute value is 7.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
FillRowChar Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Write N copies of the character byte on the screen
starting at the specified X,Y coordinates.
Declaration Procedure FillRowChar(X,Y,NBytes : Integer; Ch : Char);
Parameters X integer expression defining the column to
begin display of the character.
Y integer expression defining the row to
begin display of the character.
NBytes integer expression giving the number of
times to display the character on the
screen.
Ch the character to be displayed on the
screen.
Remarks FillRowChar always acts on the entire screen and is NOT
sensitive to Turbo's currently defined window.
See also FillRowAttr,FillRowCell
Example Program TestFillRowChar;
Uses SSVideo;
Begin
FillRowChar(1,1,80,'-');
End.
In this example eighty minus sign characters will be
displayed starting on row one, column one of the
screen.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
FrameWin Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Frames the window currently defined by the global
variables WindMax and WindMin with the specified
characters.
Declaration Procedure FrameWin(UL,UR,LL,LR,Hor,Ver : Char
Attr : Integer);
Parameters UL the character in the upper left corner of
the window.
UR character in the upper right corner of
the window.
LL the character in the lower left corner of
the window.
LR the character in the lower right corner
of the window.
Hor the horizontal character for the top and
bottom rows of the window.
Ver the vertical character for the left and
right columns of the window.
Attr the attribute color to use for the window
frame display.
Remarks FrameWin will outline the window that is currently
defined by the global variables WindMin and WindMax
with the characters passed. The coordinates given by
WindMin and WindMax are used to frame the window area.
Once the window frame has been displayed WindMin and
WindMax will be adjusted so the window will fit within
the framed area.
For example if the current window is defined as
1,1,80,25 then after FrameWin the current window will
be 2,2,79,24.
Example Program TestFrameWin;
Uses SSVideo;
Begin
FrameWin('-','-','-','-','-','|',7);
End;
The above statement will use minus signs for the top
and bottom lines and the single bar for the two sides.
The frame will be normal color.
Program TestFrameWin1;
Uses SSVideo;
Begin
FrameWin('L','R','l','r','H','V',48);
End;
The frame this statement will draw is shown below,
the color for the frame of the window is attribute
value 48.
LHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHR
V V
V V
V V
V V
V V
V V
V V
lHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHr
----------------------------------------------------------------------
GetCursorSize Function
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Get the cursor size.
Declaration Function GetCursorSize : Word;
Remarks Gets the cursor size by reporting the starting scan
line in the high byte and the ending scan line in the
low byte of the word.
High byte -- starting scan line
Low byte -- ending scan line
See also GetVideoInfo,SetCursorSize
Example Write(Hi(GetCursorSize),Lo(GetCursorSize));
This example will print on one line the current
starting scan line and ending scan line respectively.
j := GetCursorSize;
In this example j will receive the starting and ending
scan line of the cursor where:
hi byte is starting scan line
lo byte is ending scan line
----------------------------------------------------------------------
GetFrameAttr Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Read the attribute bytes for the specified area on the
screen into the buffer area.
Declaration Procedure GetFrameAttr( X1,Y1,X2,Y2 : Integer;
Var Buffer );
Parmaeters X1 integer expression defining the left
column on the screen of the frame area.
X1 must be less than or equal to X2.
Y1 integer expression defining the top row
on the screen of the frame area. Y1 be
less than or equal to Y2.
X2 integer expression defining the right
column on the screen. X2 must be greater
than or equal to X1.
Y2 integer expression defining the bottom
row on the screen. Y2 must be greater
than or equal to Y1.
Buffer untype data area where the data from the
screen will be placed.
Example Program TestGetFrameAttr;
Uses SSVideo;
Var
i : Integer;
Buffer : Array[1..2000] Of Byte;
Begin
GetFrameAttr(1,1,80,25,Buffer);
End.
This example will read the 2000 attributes from the
screen and place every byte that is read into
its corresponding byte position in the buffer array.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
GetFrameCell Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Read the character and attributes bytes for the
specified area on the screen into the buffer area.
Declaration Procedure GetFrameCell( X1,Y1,X2,Y2 : Integer;
Var Buffer );
Parmaeters X1 integer expression defining the left
column on the screen of the frame area.
X1 must be less than or equal to X2.
Y1 integer expression defining the top row
on the screen of the frame area. Y1 be
less than or equal to Y2.
X2 integer expression defining the right
column on the screen. X2 must be greater
than or equal to X1.
Y2 integer expression defining the bottom
row on the screen. Y2 must be greater
than or equal to Y1.
Buffer untype data area where the data from the
screen will be placed.
Example Program TestGetFrameCell;
Uses SSVideo;
Var
i : Integer;
Buffer : Array[1..4000] Of Byte;
Begin
GetFrameChar(1,1,80,25,Buffer);
End.
This example will read the 4000 character and attribute
bytes from the screen and place every byte that
is read into its corresponding character attribute byte
position in the buffer array.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
GetFrameChar Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Read the character bytes for the specified area on the
screen into the buffer area.
Declaration Procedure GetFrameChar( X1,Y1,X2,Y2 : Integer;
Var Buffer );
Parmaeters X1 integer expression defining the left
column on the screen of the frame area,
and must be less than or equal to X2.
Y1 integer expression defining the top row
on the screen of the frame area, and
must be less than or equal to Y2.
X2 integer expression defining the right
column on the screen and must be greater
than or equal to X1.
Y2 integer expression defining the bottom
row on the screen, and must be greater
than or equal to Y1.
Buffer untype data area where the data from the
screen will be placed.
Example Program TestGetFrameChar;
Uses SSVideo;
Var
i : Integer;
Buffer : Array[1..2000] Of Byte;
Begin
GetFrameChar(1,1,80,25,Buffer);
End.
This example will read the 2000 characters from the
screen and place every character that is read
into its corresponding character position in the buffer
array.
CH2-2.DOC
----------------------------------------------------------------------
GetScrn Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Read the character and attribute bytes starting from
specified position on the screen into the buffer.
Declaration Procedure GetScrn( X,Y,NWords : Integer;
Var Buffer );
Parmaeters X integer expression defining the column
to begin reading data from the screen.
Y integer expression defining the row to
begin reading data from the screen.
NWords integer expressing giving the number of
words to read from the display screen.
Buffer untype data area where the data from the
display screen will be placed.
Remarks This procedure provides additional checks for vertical
and horizontal retrace periods on a CGA video adapter
to eliminate the snow effect that is produced from
direct moves to or from the video display. These
checks may be turned off through the global variable
CHECKSNOW.
See Also PutScrn
Example Program TestGetScrn;
Uses Video;
Var
Buffer : Array[1..160] Of Byte;
Begin
GetScrn(1,1,80,Buffer[1]);
End.
In above example the size of Buffer must be at least
160 bytes long. A copy of row one on the screen will
be placed in Buffer. Buffer will contain both the
character and attribute byte values for each cell on
the video display.
Program TestGetScrn2;
Uses Video;
Var
Buffer : Array[1..320] Of Byte;
Begin
GetScrn(1,1,160,Buffer);
End.
In the above example the size of Buffer must be at
least 320 bytes in size and the first two rows of the
screen will be placed into area defined by the variable
Buffer. GetScrn will start retrieving its information
beginning at the coordinates passed and will continue
sequentially until the total number of words requested
are read from the screen.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
GetVideoCols Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Get the number of columns per line for the current
display mode.
Declaration Function GetVideoCols : Integer;
See also GetVideoInfo
Example Program GetCols;
Uses Video;
Begin
Writeln('Total number of columns = ',GetVideoCols:1);
End.
GetVidoCols should return either 40 or 80 depending on
the video mode the system is in.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
GetVideoInfo Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Gets general video display informtion.
Declaration Procedure GetVideoInfo(Var BaseSeg,Cols,
Pg,Mode : Integer);
Parameters BaseSeg returns a word that is the base segment
address of the current video page.
Cols returns an integer that gives the number
of display columns available for the
current video mode.
Pg returns an integer indicating the active
display page for the video display. This
will always be zero for the monochrome
display adapter.
Mode returns an integer to indicate the video
display mode the system is currently in.
Remarks
See also GetVideoCols, GetVideoMode, GetVideoPage
Example Program TestGetInfo;
Uses Crt,Video;
Var
BaseSeg,Mode,NCols,CPg : Integer;
Begin
GetVideoInfo(BaseSeg,Cols,CPg,Mode);
ClrScr;
Writeln('BaseSeg = ',BaseSeg:1);
Writeln('Number of columns = ',NCols);
Writeln('Active display page = ',CPg);
Writeln('Current video mode = ',Mode:1);
End.
This example will display the video information to the
screen. The current video mode should return a value
from 0-15, the number of columns will be either 40 or
80, and the active video display page will be a value
from 0-7.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
GetVideoMode Function
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Gets the current video mode.
Declaration Function GetVideoMode : Integer;
Remarks Returns an integer giving the current video mode the
system is in. Use the guide on video modes under
InitVideo.
See also GetVideoInfo
Example Program Test;
Uses Video;
Begin
Writeln('Current mode = ',GetVideoMode:1);
End.
This example will display the current video mode the
system is in.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
GetVideoPage Function
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Gets the active display page currently in use.
Declaration Function GetVideoPage : Integer;
Remarks On monochrome displays GetVideoPage will always return
a zero.
See also GetVideoInfo
Example Program Test;
Uses Video;
Begin
Writeln('Current video page = ',GetVideoPage:1);
End.
This example will display the current video page on the
system. It should be a value in the range of 0-7.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
GotoxyAbs Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Position the cursor at the specified position on the
screen without regards to the global variables WindMin
and WindMax.
Declaration Procedure GotoxyAbs(X,Y : Integer);
Parameters X integer expression defining the column
number to place the cursor.
Y integer expression defining the row
number to place the cursor.
Remarks This procedure will place the cursor at the specified
x,y coordinates on the screen. GotoxyAbs is NOT
sensitive to the global variables WindMin and WindMax.
Example Program ExGotoxyAbs;
Uses Crt,Video;
Begin
Window(10,10,50,24);
Gotoxy(1,1);
GotoxyAbs(1,1);
End;
Even though the upper left corner of the defined window
is row 10, column 10, GotoxyAbs will still place the
cursor in row 1 column 1 on the screen. Gotoxy will
place the cursor in row 10 column 10 on the screen.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
InitVideo Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Initialize the video mode.
Declaration Procedure InitVideo(Mode : Integer);
Parameters Mode is an integer expression that indicates
which video display mode to set.
Remarks To set the screen to the appropriate video mode use the
following table as a guide.
Mode Type Colors Adapter
---------------------------------------------------
| 0 | Text - 40 x 25 B/W | b/w | CGA |
| 1 | Text - 40 x 25 COLOR | 16 | CGA |
| 2 | Text - 80 x 25 B/W | b/w | CGA |
| 3 | Text - 80 x 25 COLOR | 16 | CGA |
| 4 | Graphics - 320 x 200 | 4 | CGA |
| 5 | Graphics - 320 x 200 | 4 grey | CGA |
| 6 | Graphics - 640 x 200 | b/w | CGA |
| 7 | Text - 80 x 25 | 16 | MDA |
| 8 | Graphics - 160 x 200 | 16 | PCjr |
| 9 | Graphics - 320 x 200 | 4,64 | PCjr |
| 10 | Graphics - 640 x 200 | 16 | PCjr,EGA |
| 13 | Graphics - 320 x 200 | 16 | EGA |
| 14 | Graphics - 640 x 200 | 16 | EGA |
| 15 | Graphics - 640 x 350 | 4 | EGA |
---------------------------------------------------
Example Program TestInitVideoMode;
Uses Video;
Begin
InitVideo(3);
End.
This example will initialize the video mode to 80 x 25
color text.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
PutFrameAttr Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Write the data in the buffer to the attribute byte in
the specified area on the screen.
Declaration Procedure PutFrameAttr( X1,Y1,X2,Y2 : Integer;
Var Buffer );
Parameters X1 integer expression defining the left
column number of the window frame area.
Y1 integer expression defining the top row
number of the window frame area.
X2 integer expression defining the right
column number of the window frame area.
Y2 integer expression defining the bottom
row number of the window frame area.
Buffer untype variable that contains the data
information that will be displayed to the
specified area on the screen.
See also GetFrameAttr, PutFrameCell, PutFrameChar
Example Program TestPutFrameAttr;
Uses Video;
Var
i : Integer;
Buffer : Array[1..2000] Of Byte;
Begin
FillChar(Buffer,SizeOf(Buffer),7);
PutFrameAttr(1,1,80,25,Buffer);
End.
In this example the first statment fills the buffer
array with the value of 7, this will be the attribute
character placed on the screen for each attribute
position. Then the PutFrameAttr statement places each
byte in the buffer on the display screen.
Normally PutFrameAttr is used as the inverse or
complement of the procedure GetFrameAttr. Using
GetFrameAttr would allow save the attribute bytes for
a section of the screen to be later restored with
PutFrameAttr.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
PutFrameCell Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Write the data in the buffer to the character and
attribute bytes in the specified area on the screen.
Declaration Procedure PutFrameWord( X1,Y1,X2,Y2 : Integer;
Var Buffer );
Parameters X1 integer expression defining the left
column number of the window frame area.
Y1 integer expression defining the top row
number of the window frame area.
X2 integer expression defining the right
column number of the window frame area.
Y2 integer expression defining the bottom
row number of the window frame area.
Buffer untype variable that contains the data
information that will be displayed to
the specified area on the screen.
See also GetFrameCell, PutFrameAttr, PutFrameChar
Example Program Example;
Uses Video;
Var
i : Integer;
Buffer : Array[1..2100] Of Byte;
Begin
GetFrameWord(10,10,80,25,Buffer);
ClrWin(1,1,80,25,7);
PutFrameWord(1,1,71,16,Buffer);
End.
In this example the first statment retrieves a section
of the display screen and places 2100 bytes in the data
variable Buffer. The screen is then cleared to remove
the display data from the screen. PutFrameWord now
restores the data saved from GetFrameWord and places
the data onto another portion of the display screen.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
PutFrameChar Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Write the data in the buffer to the character byte in
the specified area on the screen.
Declaration Procedure PutFrameChar( X1,Y1,X2,Y2 : Integer;
Var Buffer );
Parameters X1 integer expression defining the left
column number of the window frame area.
Y1 integer expression defining the top row
number of the window frame area.
X2 integer expression defining the right
column number of the window frame area.
Y2 integer expression defining the bottom
row number of the window frame area.
Buffer untype variable that contains the data
information that will be displayed to
the specified area on the screen.
See also GetFrameChar, PutFrameAttr, PutFrameChar
Example Program Example;
Uses Video;
Var
i : Integer;
Buffer : Array[1..2000] Of Char;
Begin
FillChar(Buffer,SizeOf(Buffer),'A');
PutFrameChar(1,1,80,25,Buffer);
End.
In this example the first statment fills the buffer
array with the letter A, this will be the character
to be placed on the screen for each character position.
Then the PutFrameChar statement places each character
from the buffer to the display screen.
Normally PutFrameChar is used as the inverse of the
GetFrameChar procedure. Using GetFrameChar would allow
the character bytes for a section of the screen to be
saved and later restored with PutFrameChar.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
PutScrn Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Write the data in the buffer starting at the specified
position to the character and attribute bytes on the
screen.
Declaration Procedure PutScrn( X,Y,NWords : Integer;
Var Buffer );
Parmaeters X integer expression defining the column
to begin reading data from the screen.
Y integer expression defining the row to
begin reading data from the screen.
NWords integer expressing giving the number of
words to read from the display screen.
Buffer untyped variable that contains the data
information to be displayed to the screen
starting at the specified position.
Remarks This procedure provides additional checks for vertical
and horizontal retrace periods on a CGA video adapter
to eliminate the snow effect that is produced from
direct moves to or from the video display. These
checks may be turned off through the global variable
CHECKSNOW.
See also GetScrn
Example Program TestPutScrn;
Uses Video;
Var
Buffer : Array[1..160] Of Byte;
i : Integer;
Begin
i := 1;
While i < 160 Do Begin
Buffer[i] := 65; { Character 'A' }
Buffer[i+1] := 7; { normal color }
i := i + 2;
End;
PutScrn(1,1,80,Buffer);
End;
In this example the size of Buffer is 160 bytes long.
The first 80 words or 160 bytes of Buffer will be
placed on the screen starting at row one column one of
the screen. Both the attribute and character bytes
will be written to the screen. The Buffer variable may
be subscripted to use a different starting point for
the buffers contents.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
RvsAttr Function
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Reverses the video attribute byte passed.
Declaration Function RvsAttr(Attr : Byte) : Byte;
Parmaeters Attr byte value in the range 0-255 giving the
color to be reversed.
Remarks RvsAttr exchanges the three foreground and background
attribute bits of the parmaeter value passed in. The
blink and intensity bits of the byte remain unchanged.
Example Foreground color --> white.
Background color --> black.
If the above is true for the foreground and background
colors then after calling RvsAttr the foreground and
background colors will be as follows:
Foreground color --> black.
background color --> white.
Program TestRvs;
Uses Crt,Video;
Begin
Writeln(RvsAttr(7):1);
End.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
ScrollDown Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Scroll the specified portion of the screen down N lines
filling in new lines with spaces and the specified
attribute.
Declaration Procedure ScrollDown(X1,Y1,X2,Y2,Attr,NRows : Integer);
Parmaeters X1 integer expression defining the left
column of the window area to scroll.
Y1 integer expression defining the top row
of the window area to scroll.
X2 integer expression defining the right
column of the window area to scroll.
Y2 integer expression defining the bottom
row of the window area to scroll.
Attr integer expression in the range 0-255.
It defines the display attribute to be
used when filling in the blank lines at
the top of the window.
NRows integer expression giving the number of
lines the specified portion of the screen
is to be scrolled.
Remarks If you use a value of zero for the number of lines to
scroll the window area defined by the X1,Y1,X2,Y2
coordinates will be cleared to the color defined by
the Attribute variable.
See also ScrollLeft, ScrollRight, ScrollUp
Example Program Scroll;
Uses Video;
Var
i : Integer;
Begin
ClrScr;
For i := 1 to 24 Do
FillRowChar(1,i,80,Chr(i+64));
ScrollDown(4,5,15,20,48,1);
End.
In this example one line will be scrolled down in the
window with the top row being filled in with cyan on a
Color/Graphics Adapter.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
ScrollLeft Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Scroll the specified portion of the screen left N
columns filling in new columns with spaces and the
specified attribute.
Declaration Procedure ScrollLeft(X1,Y1,X2,Y2,Attr,NCols : Integer);
Parmaeters X1 integer expression defining the left
column of the window area to scroll.
Y1 integer expression defining the top row
of the window area to scroll.
X2 integer expression defining the right
column of the window area to scroll.
Y2 integer expression defining the bottom
row of the window area to scroll.
Attr integer expression in the range 0-255.
It defines the display attribute to be
used when filling in the blank spaces on
the left column the window.
NCols integer expression giving the number of
columns the specified portion of the
screen is to be scrolled.
Remarks If you use a value of zero for the number of lines to
scroll the window area defined by the X1,Y1,X2,Y2
coordinates will be cleared to the color defined by
the Attribute variable.
See also ScrollDown, ScrollRight, ScrollUp
Example Program Scroll;
Uses Video;
Var
i : Integer;
Begin
ClrScr;
For i := 1 to 24 Do
FillRowChar(1,i,80,Chr(i+64));
ScrollLeft(4,5,15,20,48,1);
End.
In this example one column will be scrolled left in the
window with the right column being filled in with cyan
on a Color/Graphics Adapter.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
ScrollRight Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Scroll the specified portion of the screen right N
columns filling in new columns with spaces and the
specified attribute.
Declaration Procedure ScrollRight(X1,Y1,X2,Y2,Attr,NCols : Integer);
Parmaeters X1 integer expression defining the left
column of the window area to scroll.
Y1 integer expression defining the top row
of the window area to scroll.
X2 integer expression defining the right
column of the window area to scroll.
Y2 integer expression defining the bottom
row of the window area to scroll.
Attr integer expression in the range 0-255.
It defines the display attribute to be
used when filling in the blank spaces on
the left column of the window.
NCols integer expression giving the number of
columns the specified portion of the
screen is to be scrolled.
Remarks If you use a value of zero for the number of lines to
scroll the window area defined by the X1,Y1,X2,Y2
coordinates will be cleared to the color defined by
the Attribute variable.
See also ScrollDown, ScrollLeft, ScrollUp
Example Program Scroll;
Uses Video;
Var
i : Integer;
Begin
ClrScr;
For i := 1 to 24 Do
FillRowChar(1,i,80,Chr(i+64));
ScrollRight(4,5,15,20,48,1);
End.
In this example one column will be scrolled right in
the window with the left column being filled in with
cyan on a Color/Graphics Adapter.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
ScrollUp Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Scroll the specified portion of the screen up N lines
filling in new lines with spaces and the specified
attribute.
Declaration Procedure ScrollUp(X1,Y1,X2,Y2,Attr,NRows : Integer;)
Parmaeters X1 integer expression defining the left
column of the window area to scroll.
Y1 integer expression defining the top row
of the window area to scroll.
X2 integer expression defining the right
column of the window area to scroll.
Y2 integer expression defining the bottom
row of the window area to scroll.
Attr integer expression in the range 0-255.
It defines the display attribute to be
used when filling in the blank lines at
the bottom of the window.
NRows integer expression giving the number of
lines the specified portion of the screen
is to be scrolled.
Remarks If you use a value of zero for the number of lines to
scroll the window area defined by the X1,Y1,X2,Y2
coordinates will be cleared to the color defined by
the Attribute variable.
See also ScrollDown, ScrollLeft, ScrollRight
Example Program Scroll;
Uses Video;
Var
i : Integer;
Begin
ClrScr;
For i := 1 to 24 Do
FillRowChar(1,i,80,Chr(i+64));
ScrollUp(4,5,15,20,48,1);
End.
In this example one line will be scrolled up in the
window with the bottom row being filled in with cyan
on a Color/Graphics Adapter.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
SetCursorSize Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Set the size of the cursor.
Declaration Procedure SetCursorSize(StScan,SpScan : Integer);
Parameters StScan integer expression indicating the
starting scan line to be used for the
cursor.
SpScan integer expression indicating the ending
scan line to be used for the cursor.
Remarks The scan lines are numbered from zero at the top
(StScan) to N at the bottom (SpScan) where N applies
to the following video adapters.
7 - Color/Graphics Adapter
14 - Monochrome Adapter
- 0 --
- 1 |
- 2 |
- 3 |---> Scan lines for a Color/Graphics
- 4 | display adapter.
- 5 |
- 6 |
- 7 --
See also GetCursorSize
Example The following examples are for the Color/Graphics Adapter:
Program Example;
Uses Video;
Begin
SetCursorSize(32,32); { hides the cursor }
SetCursorSize(0,7); { cursor covers entire cell }
SetCursorSize(6,7); { cursor size normal }
End.
The first SetCursorSize statment makes the cursor
invisible on the screen. The second SetCursorSize
will cover the entire character cell on a color/graphic
display and will cover half of the cell on a monochrome
display. If the display was a monochrome display an
the entire character cell was to be covered by the
cursor then the parameters should be (0,13).
----------------------------------------------------------------------
SetVideoPage Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Set the active display page.
Declaration Procedure SetVideoPage(PageNo : Integer);
Parameters PageNo integer expression that is the active
display page to use.
Remarks Active display pages available for the various display cards.
0 - Monochrome
0-7 - Color/Graphics 40 column text mode
0-3 - Color/Graphics 80 column text mode
0 - Color/Graphics Hi Resolution
Graphics mode
*** Turbo Pascal only recognizes the default page
(page 0) with its Crt unit.
Example The following examples are for the Color/Graphics
Adapter because the monochrome display only has one
page available.
Program Example;
Uses Video;
Begin
SetVideoPage(0); { default video page - page 1 }
SetVideoPage(1); { another page - page 2 }
End.
The first statement will set the video page to the
default display page and the second page will switch
to the next page.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
VioInit Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Initializes the Video units global variables.
Declaration Procedure VioInit;
Remarks This procedure is executed once automatically anytime
the video unit is used. If at some time you wish to
reset the global variables to their default settings
you may use this procedure to complete that task.
Example Procedure Test;
Uses Video;
Begin
CheckSnow := False;
VioInit;
End.
In this example we set the global variable CheckSnow to
false turning the checks for snow on a CGA off. If a
CGA display is being used setting CheckSnow to true
could be done or the call to VioInit will set CheckSnow
to true also.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
WhereXAbs Function
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Gets the column the cursor is on.
Declaration Function WhereXAbs : Integer;
Remarks This function will return an integer giving the column
number the cursor is on. This routine is not sensitive
to the currently defined window.
See also GotoxyAbs, WhereYAbs
Example Program Example;
Uses Video;
Begin
Writeln(WhereXAbs:1);
End.
The column number of the cursor when WhereXAbs was
called will be displayed to the screen.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
WhereYAbs Function
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Gets the row the cursor is on.
Declaration Function WhereYAbs : Integer;
Remarks This function will return an integer giving the row
number the cursor is on. This routine is not sensitive
to the currently defined window.
See also GotoxyXAbs, WhereXAbs
Example Program Example;
Uses Video;
Begin
Writeln(WhereYAbs:1);
End.
The row number of of the cursor when WhereYAbs was
called will be displayed to the screen.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
WriteSt Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Display a string on the screen
Declaration Procedure WriteSt(St : String);
Parameters St is any string expression.
Remarks WriteSt positions the cursor after the newly displayed
string. WriteSt is NOT sensitive to the currently
defined window and will wrap around to the next row of
column one of the physical screen when necessary.
WriteSt will not scroll the screen if the data to be
displayed is to extend beyond the last row of the
screen. WriteSt uses the attribute byte defined by the
global variable TextAttr.
See also WriteStLn
Example Program TestWriteSt;
Uses Video;
Var
i : Integer;
Begin
GotoxyAbs(1,1);
For i := 1 To 50 Do
WriteSt('test string ');
End;
This example will position the cursor in the upper left
corner of the display screen and then will proceed to
display the string "test string " fifty times. Example
of the intented output follows:
test string test string test string test string ...
----------------------------------------------------------------------
WriteStln Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Display a string on the screen
Declaration Procedure WriteStln(St : String);
Parameters St is any string expression.
Remarks WriteSt positions the cursor in column one on the next
line of the display screen after the data has been
displayed. WriteSt is NOT sensitive to the currently
defined window and will wrap around to the next row of
column one of the physical screen when necessary.
WriteSt will not scroll the screen if the data to be
displayed is to extend beyond the last row of the
screen. WriteSt uses the attribute byte defined by the
global variable TextAttr.
See also WriteSt
Example Program TestWriteStln;
Uses Video;
Var
i : Integer;
St : String[2];
Begin
GotoxyAbs(1,1);
For i := 1 To 24 Do Begin
Str(i:2,St);
WriteStln('string on line ' + St);
End;
End;
This example will position the cursor in the upper left
corner of the display screen and then on each line will
display the string "string on line NN" where NN is the
line number the string is displayed on.
CH3-1.DOC
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Global Type Declarations
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Type
Str2 = String[2];
----------------------------------------------------------------------
BiosKbdClr Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Clear the keyboard buffer.
Declaration Procedure BiosKbdClr;
Remarks BiosKbdClr uses the BIOS to clear any characters in
the keyboard buffer waiting to be read.
See also DosKbdClr
Example Program Example;
Uses KeyBoard;
Var
Ch : Char;
Begin
BiosKbdClr;
Read(Kbd,Ch);
.
.
.
End.
In this example the keyboard buffer is flushed before
reading a keystroke from the keyboard.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
BiosKbdGetElmt Function
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Get an integer value for the key pressed on the
keyboard.
Declaration Function BiosKbdGetElmt : Integer;
Remarks BiosKbdGetElmt will return an integer in the range of
0-388. Use Appendix C as a guide to find the keyboard
element code this function returns for a particular key
pressed on the keyboard. Using DOS function calls
there is not any method available to distinguish
the difference between some keystokes and key
combinations. An example of this is the Enter key and
the Ctrl-M keys both return a value of 145.
Key combinations using the control key with an alpha
character and all other ascii characters will be
offset by 132.
See also BiosKbdRead, DosKbdGetElmt, DosKbdRead
Example Program Example;
Uses KeyBoard;
Begin
Writeln('Value of keypressed = ',BiosKbdGetElmt:1);
End.
If Control-Break were pressed then zero would be
displayed. If the 'A' were pressed then 197 would be
displayed:
(197 - 132 = 65).
----------------------------------------------------------------------
BiosKbdHit Function
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Reports if a keystroke is waiting to be read from the
keyboard buffer.
Declaration Funciton BiosKbdHit : Boolean;
Remarks Using the BIOS services BiosKbdHit checks the keyboard
status to determine if a key is waiting to be read
from the keyboard buffer.
See also DosKbdHit
Example Program TestHit;
Uses KeyBoard;
Begin
While Not BiosKbdHit Do
Writeln('Keyboard buffer empty...'):
End.
This program will display the keyboard buffer empty
phrase on a new line until a key is pressed on the
keyboard.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
BiosKbdRead Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Read a character from the keyboard.
Declaration Procedure BiosKbdRead(Var Ch : Str2);
Parameters Ch returns a string of length zero, one, or
two bytes long defining the key or key
combination pressed from the keyboard.
Remarks BiosKbdRead reads a single character from the keyboard
buffer. BiosKbdRead will return a zero, one, or two
character string. A null string indicates that Ctrl-
Break was pressed. A one-character string indicates a
normal ascii character was read from the keyboard. A
two-character string indicates a special extended
keyboard code. Refer to appendix B for a list of the
extended keyboard codes. The data type definition for
BiosKbdRead is an untyped variable using a minimum of
three bytes.
See also BiosKbdGetElmt, DosKbdGetElmt, DosKbdRead
Example Program TestBiosKbdRead;
Uses KeyBoard;
Var
Ch : Str2;
Begin
BiosKbdRead(Ch);
Case Ch[1] Of
#00 : Writeln('Ctrl char pressed');
#27 : Writeln('Other key comb used');
#32..#127 : Writeln('Ascii pressed');
End;
End.
In this example any key or key combination that is read
from the keyboard will be grouped into one of three
categories.
If Ch[1] is equal to the null byte and the length byte
is equal to two, then one of the control characters
(0-31) was pressed. This includes the enter key,
backspace, tab, and key combinations that use the
control and an ACSII character A-Z. If Ch[1] is equal
to #27 then some other key combination was used,
generally involving the alt key or control key with one
of the function keys or cursor movement keys. The
string length will be two. If Ch[1] is in the range
#32..#127 then an ASCII character was pressed. The
length will also be one, where as in the other two
possibilites the length will be two.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
BiosKbdStat Function
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Get the keyboard status byte
Declaration Function BiosKbdStat : Integer;
Remarks BiosKbdStat returns the keyboard status byte as
follows:
BITS
---------------------------------
| 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
---------------------------------
Bit Bit Value Key Pressed
--- --------- -----------
0 - 1 - Right Shift
1 - 2 Left Shift
2 - 4 Control
3 - 8 Alternate
Key Mode
-----------
4 - 16 Scroll Lock
5 - 32 Num Lock
6 - 64 Caps Lock
7 - 128 Insert
A one in the bit position means the condition is true
and a zero in the bit position means the condition is
false.
Example Program Example;
Uses KeyBoard;
Var
i : Integer;
Done : Boolean;
Begin
Done := False;
While Not Done Do Begin
i := BiosKbdStat;
If Keypressed Then Begin
If (i And 2) <> 0 Then
Done := True;
ClrScr;
If (i And 16) <> 0 Then
Writeln('Scroll Lock ON')
Else
Writeln('Scroll Lock OFF');
If (i And 32) <> 0 Then
Writeln('Num Lock ON')
Else
Writeln('Num Lock OFF');
If (i And 64) <> 0 Then
Writeln('Caps Lock ON')
Else
Writeln('Caps Lock OFF');
If (i And 128) <> 0 Then
Writeln('Insert ON')
Else
Writeln('Insert OFF');
End;
End;
End.
In this example everytime a key is pressed the screen
is cleared and the status for the Scroll Lock, Insert,
Caps Lock and Num Lock keys are displayed in the upper
left corner. This routine will not terminate until a
key is pressed with the left shift key held down.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
DosKbdClr Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Clear the keyboard buffer.
Declaration Procedure DosKbdClr;
Remarks DosKbdClr uses DOS to clear any characters in the
keyboard buffer waiting to be read.
See also BiosKbdClr
Example Program Example;
Uses KeyBoard;
Var
Ch : Char;
Begin
DosKbdClr;
Read(Kbd,Ch);
.
.
.
End.
In this example the keyboard buffer is flushed before
reading a keystroke from the keyboard.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
DosKbdGetElmt Function
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Get an integer value for the key pressed on the
keyboard.
Declaration Function DosKbdGetElmt : Integer;
Remarks DosKbdGetElmt will return an integer in the range of
0-388. Use Appendix C to find the keyboard element
code this function returns for a particular key
pressed on the keyboard.
Key combinations using the control key with an alpha
character and all other ascii characters will be
offset by 132.
See also BiosKbdGetElmt, BiosKbdRead, DosKbdRead
Example Program Example;
Uses KeyBoard;
Begin
Writeln('Value of keypressed = ',DosKbdGetElmt:1);
End.
If Control-Break were pressed then zero would be
displayed. If the 'A' were pressed then 197 would be
displayed:
(197 - 132 = 65).
----------------------------------------------------------------------
DosKbdHit Function
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Reports if a keystroke is waiting to be read from the
keyboard buffer.
Declaration Funciton DosKbdHit : Boolean;
Remarks Using the DOS services DosKbdHit checks the keyboard
status to determine if a key is waiting to be read
from the keyboard buffer.
See also BiosKbdHit
Example Program TestHit;
Uses KeyBoard;
Begin
While Not DosKbdHit Do
Writeln('Keyboard buffer empty...'):
End;
This program will display the keyboard buffer empty
phrase on a new line until a key is pressed on the
keyboard.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
DosKbdRead Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Read a character from the keyboard.
Declaration Procedure DosKbdRead(Var Ch : Str2);
Parameters Ch returns a string of length zero, one, or
two bytes long defining the key or key
combination pressed from the keyboard.
Remarks DosKbdRead reads a single character from the keyboard
buffer. DosKbdRead will return a zero, one, or two
character string. A null string indicates that Ctrl-
Break was pressed. A one-character string indicates a
normal ascii character was read from the keyboard. A
two-character string indicates a special extended
keyboard code. Refer to appendix B for a list of the
extended keyboard codes. The data type definition for
DosKbdRead is an untyped variable using a minimum of
three bytes.
See also BiosKbdGetElmt, BiosKbdRead, DosKbdGetElmt
Example Program TestDosKbdRead;
Uses KeyBoard;
Var
Ch : String;
Begin
DosKbdRead(Ch);
Case Ch[1] Of
#00 : Writeln('Ctrl char pressed');
#27 : Writeln('Other key comb used');
#32..#127 : Writeln('Ascii pressed');
End;
End.
In this example any key or key combination that is read
from the keyboard will be grouped into one of three
categories.
If Ch[1] is equal to the null byte and the length byte
is equal to two, then one of the control characters
(0-31) was pressed. This includes the enter key,
backspace, tab, and key combinations that use the
control and an ACSII character A-Z. If Ch[1] is equal
to #27 then some other key combination was used,
generally involving the alt key or control key with one
of the function keys or cursor movement keys. The
string length will be two. If Ch[1] is in the range
#32..#127 then an ASCII character was pressed. The
length will also be one, where as in the other two
possibilites the length will be two.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
SSGetKey Unit
----------------------------------------------------------------------
This unit contains one required function called GetKey. The function
GetKey must return an integer that maps to an element number in
Appendix C. The function GetKey is required for the video procedure
EditSt. EditSt calls GetKey and expects a keyboard element number
to be returned in the ax register. This function may do anything it
desires as long as the element number is returned. A sample unit with
a core function called GetKey has been provided.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
GetKey Function
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose get a keystroke and map it into a keyboard element
number for EditSt.
Delcaration Function GetKey : Integer;
Remarks This function may call other functions and procedures
if it so desires.
Example Unit GetKeyU;
Interface
uses Video,KeyBoard;
Function GetKey : Integer;
Var
i : Integer;
Begin
While Not DosKbdHit Do Begin
i := BiosKbdStat;
FillRowChar(1,25,80,' ');
If (i And 16) <> 0 Then
ColorMsg(1,25,7,'Scroll');
If (i And 32) <> 0 Then
ColorMsg(8,25,7,'Num');
If (i And 64) <> 0 Then
ColorMsg(12,25,7,'Caps');
If (i And 128) <> 0 Then
ColorMsg(17,25,7,'Insert');
End;
GetKey := BiosKbdGetElmt;
End;
Begin
end.
This example polls the keyboard, gets the keyboard
status byte and displays the status for four keys while
a key has not been pressed. Once a key has been
pressed on the keyboard the BiosKbdGetElmt function is
called to get the keyboard element number.
CH4-1.DOC
----------------------------------------------------------------------
BiosPrtChar Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Send a character to the printer.
Declaration Procedure BiosPrtChar(Ch : Char; PrtNo : Integer);
Parameters Ch is the character to be printed.
PrtNo integer expression representing the
number of the printer to print the
character to.
See also BiosPrtStat, DosPrtChar
Example Program PrtTest;
Uses Prt;
Var
i : Integer;
Begin
For i := 1 To 80 Do
BiosPrtChar('A',1);
End.
Here PrtChar will print the letter A out to printer
one 80 times.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
BiosPrtInit Function
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Initialize the printer
Declaration Function BiosPrtInit(PrtNo : Integer) : Integer;
Parameters PrtNo is an integer representing the number of
the printer to initialize.
Example Program ExPrt;
Uses Prt;
Begin
If (BiosPrtInit(1) And 16) <> 0 Then
Writeln('Printer initialized');
End.
The printer that is hooked up to the first parallel port
will be initialized. (Refer to BiosPrtStatus for a
description of the printer status byte).
----------------------------------------------------------------------
BiosPrtStatus Function
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Returns the current status of the printer.
Declaration Function BiosPrtStat(PrtNo : Integer) : Integer;
Parameters PrtNo is an integer representing the number of
the printer to check the status for.
Remarks PrtStatus will return an integer giving the status of
the printer using the following bit values.
Bit Value Meaning
--- --------- --------------------------
0 - 1 - Time-out
1 - 2 - Not used
2 - 4 - Not used
3 - 8 - I/O error
4 - 16 - Printer selected
5 - 32 - Out-of-paper signal
6 - 64 - Acknowledgment from printer
7 - 128 - Printer not busy
Example If (BiosPrtStatus(1) And 128 Then
BiosPrtChar(1,'A');
If printer one is not busy then the letter A will be
sent out to printer one.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
DosPrtChar Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Send a character to the printer.
Declaration Procedure DosPrtChar(Ch : Char);
Parameters Ch is the character to be printed.
See also BiosPrtChar, BiosPrtStat
Example Program PrtTest;
Uses Prt;
Var
i : Integer;
Begin
For i := 1 To 80 Do
DosPrtChar('A');
End.
Here PrtChar will print the letter A out to printer
one 80 times.
CH5-1.DOC
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Global Type Declarations
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Type
TFindRec = Record
Attr : Word;
Time : Word;
Date : Word;
Size : LongInt;
Name : String[12];
End;
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Global Variable Declarations
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Var
DosErrNo : Integer; receives the error code when an error has
occurred with one of routines in this
unit.
CErrCode : Integer; the error code for critical errors.
CErrType : Integer1; contains the type of device for the
critical error.
0 = Block device
1 = Character device
CErrDrive : Integer1; contains the number of the disk drive
where the critical error occurred. If
the critical error is not a disk drive
the value will then remain as -1.
CErrDevice : String[8]; contains the name of the device in error.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
CloseFile Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Closes a file and flush all file buffers for a file.
Declaration Procedure CloseFile(Handle : Integer);
Parameters Handle integer expression that gives the handle
number of a file that was opened using
the OpenFile operation.
Remarks If an error occurred DosErrNo will contain one of the
following error codes.
DosErrNo Description
-------- -------------------
6 Invalid file handle
Example CloseFile(5);
This example will close the file that is associate
with handle number five. If the close operation was
successful DosErrNo will contain a zero, provided the
variable was reset to zero after the last I/O error.
If an error occurred DosErrNo should contain the value
six.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
CreateFile Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Opens an existing file or creates a new file if it does
not exist.
Declaration Procedure CreateFile( Path : String;
Attr : Integer;
Var Handle : Integer);
Parameters Path is a string that contains the path and
filename of the file to be opened or
created.
Attr mode to set the file's attribute to.
Handle returns an integer that this file is
assoicated with for access.
Remarks This operation will open a new or existing file for
read/write access. CreateFile assumes that the file is
opened as an output file and will set the length of any
existing file to zero. If any errors occur DosErrNo
will have the error code.
DosErrNo Description
-------- -------------------
3 Path not found
4 No handle available
5 Access denied
6 Invalid file handle
See also OpenFile
Example Program TestCreate;
Uses Disk;
Var
Handle : Integer;
Begin
CreateFile('Newfile',32,Handle);
End.
If 'Newfile' exists in the current directory then
CreateFile will open the file for output and assign a
length of zero to the file. If 'Newfile' does not
exist then a new file will be created. The variable
handle will return an integer that is associated with
the file 'Newfile'. IOStatus will return a zero if the
CreateFile operation was successful.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
DosFindFirst Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Find the first file that matches the given filespec
and attributes.
Declaration Procedure DosFindFirst( Path : String;
Attr : Integer;
Var FindRec : TFindRec);
Parameters Path is a string that contains the path and
filename of the file to be searched for.
Attr attributes of the files to include in the
file search
FindRec the result of the search is returned in
the variable of TFindRec.
TFindRec = Record
Attr : Word;
Time : Word;
Date : Word;
Size : LongInt;
Name : String[12];
End;
Remarks This operation will search for the specified file. The
characters * and ? may be used for the filespec. If
any errors occur DosErrNo will have the error code.
DosErrNo Description
-------- -------------------
2 Directory not found
3 Path not found
18 No more files
See also DosFindNext
Example Program TestDosFindFirst;
Uses Disk;
Var
Handle : Integer;
Rec : TFindRec;
Begin
DosFindFirst('*.PAS',32,Rec);
End.
This example will find the first occurrance of a file
in the current directory that has the extension of
"PAS".
----------------------------------------------------------------------
DosFindNext Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Returns the next file entry that matches the filespec
and attributes used in a previous call to DosFindFirst.
Declaration Procedure DosFindNext(Var FindRec : TFindRec);
Parameters FindRec the result of the search is returned in
the variable of TFindRec.
TFindRec = Record
Attr : Word;
Time : Word;
Date : Word;
Size : LongInt;
Name : String[12];
End;
Remarks DosFindNext must be called after DosFindFirst and before
any other calls that transfer data into the DTA at the
time of the call to DosFindFirst.
DosErrNo Description
-------- -------------------
18 No more files
See also DosFindFirst
Example Program TestDosFindNext;
Uses Disk;
Var
Handle : Integer;
Rec : TFindRec;
Begin
DosFindFirst('*.PAS',32,Rec);
While DosErrorNo = 0 Do Begin
Writeln(Rec.Name);
DosFindNext(Rec);
End;
End.
This example will find the all occurrances of files in
the current directory that have the extension of "PAS".
----------------------------------------------------------------------
FSeek Function
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Change the logical read/write position of the file
pointer.
Declaration Function FSeek(Handle,
Orgin : Integer;
Offset : LongInt) : LongInt;
Parameters Handle integer expression for any files handle
that was assigned to a file using the
OpenFile or CreateFile operaton.
Orgin integer expression that tells the starting
location to use when moving the file
pointer.
Method Description
------ --------------------------------
0 Start from the beginning of file
1 Start from current location of
file pointer
2 Start from current EOF location
Offset gives the number of bytes to move the
file pointer.
Remarks This operation will move the file pointer for the
specified number of bytes given. On return this
function reports the number of bytes the file pointer
is from the beginning of the file. If any errors occur
DosErrNo will have the error code.
DosErrNo Description
-------- -------------------
1 Invalid method code
6 Invalid file handle
Example Program TestFSeek;
Uses Disk;
Var
Handle,Orgin : Integer;
Offset : LongInt;
Begin
Offset := 0;
OpenFile('File1.Dat',2,Handle);
If DosErrNo = 0 Then
FSeek(Handle,2,Offset);
End.
After executing FSeek zero bytes from the end of the
file, which positions the file pointer at the end of
the file, the variable Offset now contains a long
integer of the file size in bytes. On return from
FSeek, the variable Offset will always contain the
number of bytes the file pointer is offset from the
beginning of the file.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
GetDrive Function
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Reports the current default disk drive
Declaration Function GetDrive : Integer;
Remarks Getdrive returns an integer to indicate which disk
drive is the current default drive where:
Drive A = 1
Drive B = 2
Drive C = 3
Example Writeln(GetDrive);
The write statement will display the drive number of
the current default disk drive.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
GetDTA Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Returns the current disk transfer area
Declaration Procedure GetDTA(Var Segment,Offset : Word);
Parameters Segment contains an integer that gives the
segment of the current DTA.
Offset contains an integer that gives the offset
of the current DTA.
Example Program Example;
Var
Segment,Offset,i : Integer;
Begin
GetDTA(Segment,Offset);
For i := 0 To 127 Do
Write(Mem[Segment:Offset+i]);
End.
After the call to GetDTA the integer variables segment
and offset will contain the Segment:Offset address for
the current disk transfer area. These values can be
used to access the DTA information directly with the
Mem array variable.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
GetFileSize Function
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Report the number of bytes in a disk file.
Declaration Function GetFileSize(Handle : Integer) : LongInt;
Parameters Handle integer expression giving a file handle
that was assigned to a file using the
OpenFile or CreateFile operaton.
Remarks GetNDrvs reports the total number of diskette and fixed
disk drives installed for the current system.
Example Writeln(GetNDrvs);
In this example the write statement will display the
numeric value for the current number of disk drives
currently installed on the system.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
GetNDrvs Function
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Report the number of disk drives.
Declaration Function GetNDrvs : Integer;
Remarks GetNDrvs reports the total number of diskette and fixed
disk drives installed for the current system.
Example Program NDrives;
Uses Disk;
Begin
Writeln(GetNDrvs);
End.
In this example the write statement will display the
numeric value for the current number of disk drives
currently installed on the system.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
OpenFile Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Open the file given in the string passed.
Declaration Procedure OpenFile( Path : String;
Attr : Integer;
Var Handle : Integer);
Parameters Path is a string that contains the path and
filename of the file to open.
Attr is an integer that defines the type of
access to be allowed for this file.
Access Code Description
----------- ------------------
0 Read Only access
1 Write Only access
2 Read/write access
Handle returns an integer that represents the
file handle that is associated with the
file given in Path. The file handle is
to be used when any operations on the
file is to take place.
Remarks If an error occurred DosErrNo will contain one of the
following error codes.
DosErrNo Description
-------- -------------------
2 File not found
4 No handle available
5 access denied
12 invalid access code
See also CreateFile
Example Program Example;
Uses Disk;
OpenFile('File.dat',0,Handle);
End.
On return from opening the file, if DosErrNo contains a
zero, handle will contain the integer of the file
handle for the file 'File.dat'. The file is opened for
read only access.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadFile Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Read a file or device for a specified number of bytes.
Declaration Procedure ReadFile( Handle,NBytes : Integer;
Var Buffer ;
Var RBytes : Integer);
Parameters Handle integer expression that gives the file
handle assoicated with the appropriate
file or device for the read operation to
act on.
NBytes number of bytes to read from the file or
device.
Buffer untyped variable of the destination data
area.
RBytes returns the number of bytes actually read
from the file or device. If RBytes is
zero then an attempt was made to read
from the end of a file.
Remarks If an error occurred DosErrNo will contain one of the
following error codes.
DosErrNo Description
-------- -------------------
5 Access denied
6 Invalid handle
Example Program Test;
Uses Disk;
Var
Handle,
NBytes,RBytes,
Orgin,Offset : Integer;
Buffer : Array[1..128] Of Byte;
Begin
Offset := 0;
RBytes := 0;
OpenFile('File.dat',0,Handle);
FSeek(Handle,0,Offset);
ReadFile(Handle,128,Buffer,RBytes);
End.
Assuming no errors occurred, 128 bytes will be read
from the file and placed into the variable Buffer. On
return from ReadFile the variable RBytes will contain
the actual number of bytes that were read from the file
'File.dat'. If RBytes is zero then an attempt to read
past the end of the file occurred.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
ResetDisk Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Resets the disk and flushes all file buffers.
Declaration Procedure ResetDisk;
Remarks This routine does not close any files. To ensure that
the length of a file is recorded properly in the file
directory you should first close the file before using
this routine.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
ResetErrCodes Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Resets global variables that indicate device errors to
their initial settings.
Declaration Procedure ResetErrCodes;
Remarks The following variables are set as followings:
DosErrNo = 0
CErrCode = 0
CErrType = -1
CErrDrive = -1
CErrDevice = ''
See also SetInt24
----------------------------------------------------------------------
RestInt24 Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Uninstalls this disk units critical interrupt error
handler.
Declaration Procedure RestInt24;
See also SetInt24
Remarks This procedure will uninstall the critical interrupt
error handler that was installed with the SetInt24
procedure. This procedure uses the SegInt24 and
OfsInt24 variables to restore the interrupt handler
in use before the interrupt handler in this unit was
installed.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
SetDTA Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Set the file attribute for the file specified.
Declaration Procedure SetDTA(Segment,Offset : Integer);
Parameters Segment is the segment address for the new DTA.
Offset is the offset within the segment of the new
DTA address.
Example Program Example;
Var
Buffer : Array[1..4096] Of Byte;
Begin
SetDTA(Seg(Buffer),Ofs(Buffer));
End.
The new DTA will point to the data variable Buffer and
all the information associated with the Disk Transfer
Area will be placed in the data variable Buffer until
the DTA is changed.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
SetInt24 Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Initializes the critical error handler routine and its
global variables for use with your system.
Declaration Procedure SetInt24;
Remarks Only one call needs to made to this routine for a
program that wants to use the critical error handler
routine. In the event of a critical error the
variables DosErrNo, CErrCode, CErrType, CErrDrive and
CErrDevice are set to the appropiate values. Refer to
the global variable section at the beginning of this
chapter for a description of each variable name.
The following are the I/O error values that are set in
the CErrCode global variable. These codes match the
same codes DOS function 59h (Get Extended Error Code)
return. Notice that all values are hexadecimal.
Error
Code Description
----- -------------------------------
13 Write-protect error
14 Unknown unit
15 Disk drive not ready
16 Unknown command
17 Data error (bad CRC)
18 A bad request structure length
19 Data seek error
1A Unknown media type
1B Disk sector not found
1C Printer is out of paper
1D Write fault
1E Read fault
1F General failure
See also ResetErrCodes, RestInt24
Example Program Test;
Uses Disk;
Var
Handle : Integer;
Begin
SetInt24;
CreateFile('A:File.dat',0,Handle);
If DosErrNo <> 0 Then Begin
Writeln('DosErrNo = ',DosErrNo:1);
Writeln('CErrCode = ',CErrCode:1);
Writeln('CErrType = ',CErrType:1);
Writeln('CErrDrive = ',CErrDrive:1);
Writeln('CErrDevice = ',CErrDevice:1);
ResetErrCodes;
End
Else Begin
Writeln('File Opened ok...');
Close(Handle);
End;
End.
If this program was executed with the A: drive door
open, a critical error would occur. On return from
CreateFile the critical error variables should be
set to the following values:
DosErrNo = 3 Path not found
CErrCode = 21 Disk drive not ready
CErrType = 0 0=Block 1=Character
CErrDrive = 0 Drive A=0, B=1, C=2, etc
CErrDevice = DISKETTE Device name
----------------------------------------------------------------------
WriteFile Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Write to a file or device for a specified number of
bytes.
Declaration Procedure WriteFile( Handle,NBytes : Integer;
Var Buffer ;
Var WBytes : Integer);
Parameters Handle is an integer that gives the file handle
that is assoicated with the appropriate
file or device for the read operation to
act on.
NBytes is the number of bytes to write to the
file or device.
Buffer is an untype variable that defines the
data area where the data is stored that
is to be written to a file or device.
WBytes returns the actual number of bytes that
were written out to the file or device.
Remarks If an error occurred DosErrNo will contain one of the
following error codes.
DosErrNo Description
-------- -------------------
5 Access denied
6 Invalid handle
20 insufficent disk space
Example WriteFile(Handle,NBytes,Buffer,WBytes);
The file's handle that is associated with the value in
the variable Handle is the file the contents of the
variable Buffer will be written to. The number of
bytes written to the file is contained in NBytes. The
number of bytes actually written to the file will be
returned in WBytes.
CH6-1.DOC
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Global Varibles
----------------------------------------------------------------------
NEvents an integer that contains the number of events waiting
in the mouse event handler queue.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
MButtonPress Function
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Returns the current button status information.
Declaration Function MButtonPress( Button : Integer;
Var ButPress,
X,
Y : Integer):Integer;
Parameters Button specifies the button to check.
0 - left button
1 - right button
2 - middle button
ButPress number of button presses since the last
call to MButtonPress.
X the column the mouse cursor was in the
last time the button was pressed.
Y the row the mouse cursor was in the last
time the button was pressed.
Remarks MButtonPress will return an integer indicating the
current state of the mouse button requested.
0 - Button is released
1 - Button is pressed
Example Write('Status for the left button is ');
Case MButtonPress(0,ButPress,X,Y) Of
0 : Writeln('UP');
1 : Writeln('DOWN');
End;
----------------------------------------------------------------------
MButtonRel Function
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Returns the current button status information.
Declaration Function MButtonRel( Button : Integer;
Var ButPress,
X,
Y : Integer) : Integer;
Parameters Button specifies the button to check.
0 - left button
1 - right button
2 - middle button
ButPress number of button releases since the last
call to MButtonRel.
X the column the mouse cursor was in the
last time the button was released.
Y the row the mouse cursor was in the last
time the button was released.
Remarks MButtonReleased will return an integer indicating the
current state of the mouse button requested.
0 - Button is released
1 - Button is pressed
Example Write('Status for the left button is ');
Case MButtonRel(0,ButPress,X,Y) Of
0 : Writeln('UP');
1 : Writeln('DOWN');
End;
----------------------------------------------------------------------
MGetPos Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Returns the current button status and the location of
the mouse cursor.
Declaration Procedure MGetPos( Var ButStat,X,Y : Integer );
Parameters Button an integer returning the status of each
button by its corresponding bit value.
If a bit is 0 then that button is up. If
a bit is 1 then that button is pressed.
Bit Value Button
--- ----- -------------
0 1 left button
1 2 right button
2 4 middle button
X the column the mouse cursor is in.
Y the row the mouse cursor is in.
Remarks In 80 column text mode the upper left corner of the
screen is 1,1 and the lower right corner is 80,25.
Example MGetPos( ButStat,X,Y );
If ( ButStat And $01 )
Writeln('Left button is pressed');
If ( ButStat And $02 )
Writeln('Right button is pressed');
If ( ButStat And $04 )
Writeln('Middle button is pressed');
Writeln('The cursor is located at ',X:1,',',Y:1);
----------------------------------------------------------------------
MGetSpeed Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Returns the distance the mouse has moved since the
last call to this routine.
Declaration Procedure MGetSpeed( VAR HorCnt,VerCnt : Integer );
Parameters HorCnt an integer returning the horizontal step
count since the last call.
VerCnt an integer returning the vertical step
count since the last call.
Remarks The step count is always in the range -32768 to 32767.
A positive value specifies movements to the right and
down while negative values specify movements to the
left and up. After the call is completed the step
counts are reset to zero.
Example MGetSpeed( HorCnt,VerCnt );
If ( HorCnt > 0 ) Then
Writeln('Mouse moved to the right')
Else If ( HorCnt < 0 ) Then
Writeln('Mouse moved to the left')
Else
Writeln('Mouse did not move horizontally');
This example will report the horizontal direction the
mouse has moved since the last call to this routine.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
MGraphCursor Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Defines the shape and color of the mouse cursor in when
in graphics mode.
Declaration Procedure MGraphCursor( XHotSpot, YHotSpot,
CMaskSeg, CMaskOfs : Integer );
Parameters XHotSpot an integer in the range -16 to 16 used to
define the X pixel within or outside the
cursor block.
YHotSpot an integer in the range -16 to 16 used to
define the Y pixel within or outside the
cursor block.
CMaskSeg a word that contains the segment of the
cursor mask description variable.
CMaskOfs a word that contains the offset of the
cursor mask description variable.
Remarks The cursor mask variable is two arrays of 16 words
each. The first 16 words define the screen mask and
the second 16 words define the cursor mask. Each
array of 16 words defines the set of pixels that are
16 x 16.
The screen mask is used to determine which pixels
become part of the cursor shape while the cursor mask
is used to determine the color/shape of the cursor.
Example Const
CMask : Array[1..32] Of Word = (
$ffff,$ffff,$ffff,$ffff,
$ffff,$ffff,$ffff,$ffff,
$ffff,$ffff,$ffff,$ffff,
$ffff,$ffff,$ffff,$ffff,
$ffff,$ffff,$f00f,$f00f,
$f00f,$f00f,$f00f,$f00f,
$f00f,$f00f,$f00f,$f00f,
$f00f,$f00f,$ffff,$ffff );
MGraphCursor( -5, 5, Seg(CMask), Ofs(CMask) );
The cursor defined by CMask will be a solid block with
a smaller block inside being a different color.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
MHideCursor Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Removes the mouse cursor from the screen.
Declaration Procedure MHideCursor;
Parmeteres None
Remarks Although the mouse cursor is hidden from view its
motion is still tracked.
Example MHideCursor;
----------------------------------------------------------------------
MInitEventHandler Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Initializes the mouse interrupt event handler.
Declaration Procedure MInitEventHandler( EMask : Word );
Parameters EMask a word defining the event types the mouse
event handler will place in its queue.
Remarks Each bit in the event mask corresponds to a specific
event:
Bit Value Event
--- ----- ----------------------------------------
0 1 cursor position moved
1 2 left button pressed
2 4 left button released
3 8 right button pressed
4 16 right button released
5 32 middle button pressed
6 64 middle button released
7-15
Example MInitEventHandler( 4 );
In this example the only time an event is recorded in
the event handler queue is when the left button of the
mouse is released. When this happens the global
variable NEvents will be incremented. The maximum
number of events that is kept in the event queue at one
time is 20. MRetQue must be used to empty the queue.
DO NOT change the value of NEvents as this may cause
severe problems.
When you have finished using the event handler you
must uninstall the event handler with:
MInitEventHandler( 0 );
----------------------------------------------------------------------
MPollQue Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Returns the oldest event in the mouse event queue
disturbing the event queue.
Declaration Procedure MPollQue( Event,
ButStat,
x,
y : Integer ) : Integer;
Parameters Event an integer describing the event that
occurred ( see MInitEventHandler ).
ButStat the button status at the time of this
event.
X the column the mouse cursor was located
in at the time of this event.
Y the row the mouse cursor was located in
at the time of this event.
Remarks If the number of events in the queue is zero when this
procedure is called the values in the return variables
will be -1. Use the global variable NEvents to
determine if an event is in the queue.
Example MPollQue( Event,ButStat,X,Y );
In this example MPollQue is called to get the oldest
event information without disturbing the event queue.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
MResetMouse Function
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Determines if the mouse hardware and software are
installed.
Declaration Function MResetMouse( NBut : Integer ) : Integer;
Parameters Button an integer returning the number of
buttons on the installed mouse.
Remarks MResetMouse will return:
0 - Mouse hardware and software are not installed.
-1 - Mouse hardware and software are installed.
Every call to MResetMouse will also reset the position
of the mouse cursor to the middle of the video dispaly.
Example If MResetMouse( NBut ) = 0 Then
Writeln('Mouse NOT installed on your computer')
Else Begin
Writeln('You have a mouse in your computer');
Writeln('Squeak Squeak Squeak...');
End;
----------------------------------------------------------------------
MRetQue Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Returns the oldest event in the mouse event queue and
removes the event from the queue.
Declaration Procedure MRetQue( Event,
ButStat,
x,
y : Integer ) : Integer;
Parameters Event an integer describing the event that
occurred ( see MInitEventHandler ).
ButStat the button status at the time of this
event.
X the column the mouse cursor was located
in at the time of this event.
Y the row the mouse cursor was located in
at the time of this event.
Remarks If the number of events in the queue is zero when this
procedure is called the values in the return variables
will be -1. Use the global variable NEvents to
determine if an event is in the queue.
Example While NEvents > 0 Do
MRetQue( Event,ButStat,X,Y );
In this example MRetQue is called until the mouse event
queue is empty.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
MSetEvent Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Simulates a mouse event.
Declaration Function MRetQue( Event, ButStat, x, y : Integer );
Parameters Event an integer describing the event that
should occur (see MInitEventHandler).
ButStat an integer describing the button status
for this event.
X an integer describing the column of the
mouse cursor for this event.
Y an integer describing the row of the
mouse for this event.
Remarks If the number of events in the queue is less than the
maximum number of events allowed in the queue then the
event will be placed as the newest or last mouse event
to occur. All global and local variables used for this
procedure will be updated exactly the same as if an
actual mouse event had occurred.
Example MSetEvent( 1, 0, 80, 25 );
In this example MSetEvent will place in the mouse event
queue an event that says the left button was pressed
with the position of the mouse cursor being (80,25).
----------------------------------------------------------------------
MSetPos Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Set the position of the mouse cursor.
Declaration Procedure MSetPos( X,Y, Integer );
Parameters X column to put mouse cursor in
Y row to put mouse cursor in
Remarks Checks for valid X and Y values are NOT performed. In
80 column text mode the upper left corner of the screen
is 1,1 and the lower right corner is 80,25.
Example MSetPos( 1, 1 );
Assuming text mode this example will place the mouse
cursor in row one column one of the display screen.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
MSetSpeed Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Sets mouse motion to screen pixel ratio.
Declaration Procedure MSetSpeed( HorCnt,VerCnt : Integer );
Parameters HorCnt integer giving the horizontal step ratio.
The value is in the range of 1 to 32767
where the ratio will be HorCnt steps to 8
pixels horizontally.
VerCnt integer giving the vertical step ratio.
The value is in the range of 1 to 32767
where the ratio will be VerCnt steps to 8
pixels vertically.
Remarks The step values refer to the amount of mouse movement.
Example MSetSpeed( 16, 8 );
This example sets the ratios as follows:
Horizontal - 16 steps to 8 pixels
Vertical - 8 steps to 8 pixels
----------------------------------------------------------------------
MSetXRange Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Sets the column boundaries the mouse cursor will be
allowed to move within.
Declaration Procedure MSetXRange( Min,Max : Integer );
Parameters Min integer giving the left column boundary
of the mouse cursor and is less than Max.
Max integer giving the right column boundary
of the mouse cursor and is greater than
Min.
Remarks Range checks are not performed on the parameters.
Example MSetXRange( 10, 20 );
In this example the mouse cursor will not be allowed to
move to the left of column 10 and to the right of
column 20.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
MSetYRange Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Sets the row boundaries the mouse cursor will be
allowed to move within.
Declaration Procedure MSetYRange( Min,Max : Integer );
Parameters Min integer giving the top row boundary of
mouse cursor and is less than Max.
Max integer giving the bottom row boundary of
the mouse cursor and is greater than Min.
Remarks Range checks are not performed on the parameters.
Example MSetYRange( 3, 20 );
In this example the mouse cursor will not be allowed to
move above row 3 and below row 20.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
MShowCursor Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Display the mouse cursor on the screen
Declaration Procedure MShowCursor;
Parameters None
Example MShowCursor;
----------------------------------------------------------------------
MTextCursor Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose Defines the mouse text cursor
Declaration Procedure MTextCursor( CType,SMask,CMask : Integer );
Parameters CType an integer that selects the type of mouse
cursor to use.
0 - software cursor
1 - hardware cursor
SMask if the software cursor is selected the
screen mask is defined. If the hardware
cursor is selected the starting scan line
is defined.
CMask if the software cursor is selected the
the cursor mask is defined. If the
hardware cursor is selected the ending
scan line is defined.
Remarks The screen mask is an integer that defines which of the
character attributes are preserved. The cursor mask is
used to determine which of the characteristics are
changed by the cursor.
See SetCursor Size in chapter two for a description of
the starting and ending scan lines.
Example MTextCursor( CType, SMask, CMask );
CHA-1.DOC
SUMMARY OF PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS
SCREEN RELATED PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS
Global Types
TSet = Set Of 0..255;
Global Variables
VioMode : Word;
VioPage : Word;
VioCols : Word;
VioCursor : Word;
VioBaseSeg : Word;
Procedures
Procedure BorderColor(Color : Integer);
Procedure ClrWin(X1,Y1,X2,Y2,Attr : Integer);
Procedure ColorMsg(X,Y,Attr : Integer; St : String);
Procedure EditSt( Row,
StCol,
SpCol,
Len,
CaseInd,
FillCh,
AutoSkipInd,
ErrTone,
ErrDur : Integer;
Var VCSet,TCSet : TSet;
Var ChOfs,TE : Integer;
Var St : String);
Procedure FillColAttr(X,Y,NRows,Attr : Integer);
Procedure FillColCell(X,Y,NRows : Integer; Cell : Word);
Procedure FillColChar(X,Y,NRows : Integer; Ch : Char);
Procedure FillFrameAttr(X1,Y1,X2,Y2,Attr : Integer);
Procedure FillFrameCell(X1,Y1,X2,Y2 : Integer; Cell : Word);
Procedure FillFrameChar(X1,Y1,X2,Y2 : Integer; Ch : Char);
Procedure FillRowAttr(X,Y,NBytes,Attr : Integer);
Procedure FillRowCell(X,Y,NWords : Integer; Cell : Word);
Procedure FillRowChar(X,Y,NBytes : Integer; Ch : Char);
Procedure FrameWin(UL,UR,LL,LR,Hor,Ver : Char; Color : Integer);
Procedure GetFrameAttr(X1,Y1,X2,Y2 : Integer; Var Buffer );
Procedure GetFrameCell(X1,Y1,X2,Y2 : Integer; Var Buffer );
Procedure GetFrameChar(X1,Y1,X2,Y2 : Integer; Var Buffer );
Procedure GetScrn(X,Y,NWords : Integer; Var Buffer );
Procedure GetVideoInfo(Var Attr,BaseSeg,Cols,Pg,Mode : Word);
Procedure GotoxyAbs(X,Y : Integer);
Procedure InitVideo(Mode : Integer);
Procedure PutFrameAttr(X1,Y1,X2,Y2 : Integer; Var Buffer );
Procedure PutFrameCell(X1,Y1,X2,Y2 : Integer; Var Buffer );
Procedure PutFrameChar(X1,Y1,X2,Y2 : Integer; Var Buffer );
Procedure PutScrn(X,Y,NWords : Integer; Var Buffer );
Procedure RvsAttr;
Procedure ScrollDown(X1,Y1,X2,Y2,Attr,NRows : Integer);
Procedure ScrollLeft(X1,Y1,X2,Y2,Attr,NCols : Integer);
Procedure ScrollRight(X1,Y1,X2,Y2,Attr,NCols : Integer);
Procedure ScrollUp(X1,Y1,X2,Y2,Attr,NRows : Integer);
Procedure SetCursorSize(StScan,SpScan : Integer);
Procedure SetVideoPage(PageNo : Integer);
Procedure VioInit;
Procedure WriteSt(St : String);
Procedure WriteStLn(St : String);
Functions
Function GetCursorSize : Word;
Function GetVideoCols : Integer;
Function GetVideoMode : Integer;
Function GetVideoPage : Integer;
Function WhereXAbs : Integer;
Function WhereYAbs : Integer;
KEYBOARD PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS
Global Types
Str2 = String[2];
Procedure
Procedure BiosKbdClr;
Procedure BiosKbdRead(Var St : Str2);
Procedure DosKbdClr;
Procedure DosKbdRead(Var St : Str2);
Function
Function BiosKbdGetElmt : Integer;
Function BiosKbdHit : Boolean;
Function BiosKbdStat : Integer;
Function DosKbdGetElmt : Integer;
Function DosKbdHit : Boolean;
PRINTER PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS
Procedure
Procedure BiosPrtChar(Ch : Char; PrtNo : Integer);
Procedure DosPrtChar(Ch : Char);
Function
Function BiosPrtInit(PrtNo : Integer) : Integer;
Function BiosPrtStat(PrtNo : Integer) : Integer;
DISK AND FILE PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS
Global Variables
DosErrNo : Integer;
CErrCode : Integer;
CErrType : Integer;
CErrDrive : Integer;
CErrDevice : String[8];
Procedure
Procedure CloseFile(Handle : Integer);
Procedure CreateFile( Path : String;
Attr : Integer;
Var Handle : Integer);
Procedure GetDTA(Var Segment,Offset : Word);
Procedure OpenFile( Path : String;
Attr : Integer;
Var Handle : Integer);
Procedure ReadFile( Handle,NBytes : Integer;
Var Buffer ;
Var RBytes : Integer);
Procedure ResetDisk;
Procedure ResetErrCodes;
Procedure RestInt24;
Procedure SetDTA(Segment,Offset : Integer);
Procedure SetInt24;
Procedure WriteFile( Handle,NBytes : Integer;
Var Buffer ;
Var WBytes : Integer);
Function
Function FSeek(Handle,
Orgin : Integer;
Offset : LongInt) : LongInt;
Function GetDrive : Integer;
Function GetNDrvs : Integer;
Function GetFileSize(Handle : Integer) : LongInt;
MOUSE PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS
Global Variables
NEvents : Word;
Procedure
Procedure MShowCursor;
Procedure MHideCursor;
Procedure MGetPos(Var ButStat,X,Y : Integer);
Procedure MSetPos(X,Y : Integer);
Procedure MSetXRange(Min,Max : Integer);
Procedure MSetYRange(Min,Max : Integer);
Procedure MGraphCursor(XHotSpot, YHotSpot,
CMaskSeg, CMaskOfs : Integer);
Procedure MTextCursor(CType,SMask,CMask : Integer);
Procedure MGetSpeed(Var HorCnt,VerCnt : Integer);
Procedure MInitEventHandler(EMask : Word);
Procedure MSetSpeed(HorCnt,VerCnt : Integer);
Procedure MRetQue(Event,ButStat,x,y : Integer) : Integer;
Function
Function MResetMouse(NBut : Integer) : Integer;
Function MButtonPress( Button : Integer;
Var ButPress,X,Y : Integer) : Integer;
Function MButtonRel( Button : Integer;
Var ButRel,X,Y : Integer) : Integer;
CHB-1.DOC
KEYBOARD RETURN CODES
This appendix lists the keyboard codes for all the key combinations
for the entire keyboard, as they are seen by the procedure READKBD.
All keys are turned into either a one or two character code.
To understand the table below assume St is a two character string.
St[0] is the length of the character code returned. If the length of
St is one then a normal ASCII character was pressed, otherwise an
extended code is generated. Notice that some of the keyboard codes do
produce a two character code with the first character being null.
If the length of St is one then a normal ASCII character code was read
from the keyboard. This basically covers the ASCII values 32-127.
If the length of St is two then one of the keys, that are usually used
for cursor control, was read from the keyboard. If this is the case
then St[1] will be either a 0 or 27 depending on the key combination
read from the keyboard.
Use of the case statement works well with this type of setup to
determine which keyboard keys were read from the keyboard.
Case Ch[1] Of
#00 : Writeln('Control code used.');
#27 : Writeln('Control code used.');
#32..#127 : Writeln('Printable code used.');
End;
Key Key
Pressed CH[0] CH[1] CH[2] Pressed CH[0] CH[1] CH[2]
--------- ----- ----- ----- --------- ----- ----- -----
(space) 1 32 0 & 1 38 0
! 1 33 0 ' 1 39 0
" 1 34 0 ( 1 40 0
# 1 35 0 ) 1 41 0
$ 1 36 0 * 1 42 0
% 1 37 0 + 1 43 0
Key Key
Pressed CH[0] CH[1] CH[2] Pressed CH[0] CH[1] CH[2]
--------- ----- ----- ----- --------- ----- ----- -----
, 1 44 0 S 1 83 0
- 1 45 0 T 1 84 0
. 1 46 0 U 1 85 0
/ 1 47 0 V 1 86 0
0 1 48 0 W 1 87 0
1 1 49 0 X 1 88 0
2 1 50 0 Y 1 89 0
3 1 51 0 Z 1 90 0
4 1 52 0 [ 1 91 0
5 1 53 0 \ 1 92 0
6 1 54 0 ] 1 93 0
7 1 55 0 ^ 1 94 0
8 1 56 0 _ 1 95 0
9 1 57 0 ` 1 96 0
: 1 58 0 a 1 97 0
; 1 59 0 b 1 98 0
< 1 60 0 c 1 99 0
= 1 61 0 d 1 100 0
> 1 62 0 e 1 101 0
? 1 63 0 f 1 102 0
@ 1 64 0 g 1 103 0
A 1 65 0 h 1 104 0
B 1 66 0 i 1 105 0
C 1 67 0 j 1 106 0
D 1 68 0 k 1 107 0
E 1 69 0 l 1 108 0
F 1 70 0 m 1 109 0
G 1 71 0 n 1 110 0
H 1 72 0 o 1 111 0
I 1 73 0 p 1 112 0
J 1 74 0 q 1 113 0
K 1 75 0 r 1 114 0
L 1 76 0 s 1 115 0
M 1 77 0 t 1 116 0
N 1 78 0 u 1 117 0
O 1 79 0 v 1 118 0
P 1 80 0 w 1 119 0
Q 1 81 0 x 1 120 0
R 1 82 0 y 1 121 0
Key Key
Pressed Ch[0] Ch[1] Ch[2] Pressed Ch[0] Ch[1] Ch[2]
--------- ----- ----- ----- --------- ----- ----- -----
z 1 122 0 Alt-B 2 27 48
{ 1 123 0 Alt-N 2 27 49
| 1 124 0 Alt-M 2 27 50
} 1 125 0 F1 2 27 59
~ 1 126 0 F2 2 27 60
Ctrl-Break 2 27 0 F3 2 27 61
Esc 2 27 1 F4 2 27 62
Ctrl-2 2 27 3 F5 2 27 63
BackSp 2 27 8 F6 2 27 64
Tab 2 27 9 F7 2 27 65
Ctrl-Enter 2 27 10 F8 2 27 66
Enter 2 27 13 F9 2 27 67
Ctrl-BS 2 27 14 F10 2 27 68
Shft-Tab 2 27 15 Home 2 27 71
Alt-Q 2 27 16 UArr 2 27 72
Alt-W 2 27 17 PgUp 2 27 73
Alt-E 2 27 18 LArr 2 27 75
Alt-R 2 27 19 RArr 2 27 77
Alt-T 2 27 20 End 2 27 79
Alt-Y 2 27 21 DArr 2 27 80
Alt-U 2 27 22 PgDn 2 27 81
Alt-I 2 27 23 Ins 2 27 82
Alt-O 2 27 24 Del 2 27 83
Alt-P 2 27 25 Shft-F1 2 27 84
Alt-A 2 27 30 Shft-F2 2 27 85
Alt-S 2 27 31 Shft-F3 2 27 86
Alt-D 2 27 32 Shft-F4 2 27 87
Alt-F 2 27 33 Shft-F5 2 27 88
Alt-G 2 27 34 Shft-F6 2 27 89
Alt-H 2 27 35 Shft-F7 2 27 90
Alt-J 2 27 36 Shft-F8 2 27 91
Alt-K 2 27 37 Shft-F9 2 27 92
Alt-L 2 27 38 Shft-F10 2 27 93
Alt-Z 2 27 44 Ctrl-F1 2 27 94
Alt-X 2 27 45 Ctrl-F2 2 27 95
Alt-C 2 27 46 Ctrl-F3 2 27 96
Alt-V 2 27 47 Ctrl-F4 2 27 97
Key Key
Pressed Ch[0] Ch[1] Ch[2] Pressed Ch[0] Ch[1] Ch[2]
--------- ----- ----- ----- --------- ----- ----- -----
Ctrl-F5 2 27 98 Ctrl-F 2 0 6
Ctrl-F6 2 27 99 Ctrl-G 2 0 7
Ctrl-F7 2 27 100 Ctrl-H 2 0 8
Ctrl-F8 2 27 101 Ctrl-I 2 0 9
Ctrl-F9 2 27 102 Ctrl-J 2 0 10
Ctrl-F10 2 27 103 Ctrl-K 2 0 11
Alt-F1 2 27 104 Ctrl-L 2 0 12
Alt-F2 2 27 105 Ctrl-M 2 0 13
Alt-F3 2 27 106 Ctrl-N 2 0 14
Alt-F4 2 27 107 Ctrl-O 2 0 15
Alt-F5 2 27 108 Ctrl-P 2 0 16
Alt-F6 2 27 109 Ctrl-Q 2 0 17
Alt-F7 2 27 110 Ctrl-R 2 0 18
Alt-F8 2 27 111 Ctrl-S 2 0 19
Alt-F9 2 27 112 Ctrl-T 2 0 20
Alt-F10 2 27 113 Ctrl-U 2 0 21
Ctrl-LArr 2 27 115 Ctrl-V 2 0 22
Ctrl-RArr 2 27 116 Ctrl-W 2 0 23
Ctrl-End 2 27 117 Ctrl-X 2 0 24
Ctrl-PgDn 2 27 118 Ctrl-Y 2 0 25
Ctrl-Home 2 27 119 Ctrl-Z 2 0 26
Alt-1 2 27 120 Ctrl-[ 2 0 27
Alt-2 2 27 121 Ctrl-\ 2 0 28
Alt-3 2 27 122 Ctrl-] 2 0 29
Alt-4 2 27 123 Ctrl-6 2 0 30
Alt-5 2 27 124 Ctrl-- 2 0 31
Alt-6 2 27 125
Alt-7 2 27 126
Alt-8 2 27 127
Alt-9 2 27 128
Alt-0 2 27 129
Alt-- 2 27 130
Alt-= 2 27 131
Ctrl-PgUp 2 27 132
Ctrl-A 2 0 1
Ctrl-B 2 0 2
Ctrl-C 2 0 3
Ctrl-D 2 0 4
Ctrl-E 2 0 5
CHC-1.DOC
KEYBOARD ELEMENT CODES
This appendix lists the element codes for all the key combinations for
the entire keyboard, as they are seen by the procedures WAITMSG and
EDITST. All keys are turned into an integer element code.
The Global type definition required for this table is:
TSet = Set of 0..255;
The unit or element number in the set defines which key or key
combination was pressed. This table was created for use as the
Terminating Character Set with the procedures EditSt and EditSt2.
Use the value in the column ELEMENT NUMBER to determine the element
number for a terminating key.
Element Element
Key code AH AL Number Key code AH AL Number
--------- --- --- ------- --------- --- --- -------
Ctrl-Break 0 0 0 Alt-K 37 0 37
Esc 1 27 1 Alt-L 38 0 38
2 39
Ctrl-2 3 0 3 40
4 41
5 42
6 43
7 Alt-Z 44 0 44
BackSp 14 8 8 Alt-X 45 0 45
Tab 15 9 9 Alt-C 46 0 46
Ctrl-Enter 28 10 10 Alt-V 47 0 47
11 Alt-B 48 0 48
12 Alt-N 49 0 49
Enter 28 13 13 Alt-M 50 0 50
Ctrl-BS 14 127 14 51
Shft-Tab 15 0 15 52
Alt-Q 16 0 16 53
Alt-W 17 0 17 54
Alt-E 18 0 18 55
Alt-R 19 0 19 56
Alt-T 20 0 20 57
Alt-Y 21 0 21 58
Alt-U 22 0 22 F1 59 0 59
Alt-I 23 0 23 F2 60 0 60
Alt-O 24 0 24 F3 61 0 61
Alt-P 25 0 25 F4 62 0 62
26 F5 63 0 63
27 F6 64 0 64
28 F7 65 0 65
29 F8 66 0 66
Alt-A 30 0 30 F9 67 0 67
Alt-S 31 0 31 F10 68 0 68
Alt-D 32 0 32 69
Alt-F 33 0 33 70
Alt-G 34 0 34 Home 71 0 71
Alt-H 35 0 35 UArr 72 0 72
Alt-J 36 0 36 PgUp 73 0 73
Element Element
Key code AH AL Number Key code AH AL Number
--------- --- --- ------- --------- --- --- -------
74 Alt-F8 111 0 111
LArr 75 0 75 Alt-F9 112 0 112
76 Alt-F10 113 0 113
RArr 77 0 77 114
78 Ctrl-LArr 115 0 115
End 79 0 79 Ctrl-RArr 116 0 116
DArr 80 0 80 Ctrl-End 117 0 117
PgDn 81 0 81 Ctrl-PgDn 118 0 118
Ins 82 0 82 Ctrl-Home 119 0 119
Del 83 0 83 Alt-1 120 0 120
Shft-F1 84 0 84 Alt-2 121 0 121
Shft-F2 85 0 85 Alt-3 122 0 122
Shft-F3 86 0 86 Alt-4 123 0 123
Shft-F4 87 0 87 Alt-5 124 0 124
Shft-F5 88 0 88 Alt-6 125 0 125
Shft-F6 89 0 89 Alt-7 126 0 126
Shft-F7 90 0 90 Alt-8 127 0 127
Shft-F8 91 0 91 Alt-9 128 0 128
Shft-F9 92 0 92 Alt-0 129 0 129
Shft-F10 93 0 93 Alt-- 130 0 130
Ctrl-F1 94 0 94 Alt-= 131 0 131
Ctrl-F2 95 0 95 Ctrl-PgUp 132 0 132
Ctrl-F3 96 0 96
Ctrl-F4 97 0 97
Ctrl-F5 98 0 98
Ctrl-F6 99 0 99
Ctrl-F7 100 0 100
Ctrl-F8 101 0 101
Ctrl-F9 102 0 102
Ctrl-F10 103 0 103
Alt-F1 104 0 104
Alt-F2 105 0 105
Alt-F3 106 0 106
Alt-F4 107 0 107
Alt-F5 108 0 108
Alt-F6 109 0 109
Alt-F7 110 0 110
AL+ Element AL+ Element
Key code 132 AL Number Key code 132 AL Number
--------- --- --- ------- --------- --- --- -------
Ctrl-A 133 1 133 & 170 38 170
Ctrl-B 134 2 134 ' 171 39 171
Ctrl-C 135 3 135 ( 172 40 172
Ctrl-D 136 4 136 ) 173 41 173
Ctrl-E 137 5 137 * 174 42 174
Ctrl-F 138 6 138 + 175 43 175
Ctrl-G 139 7 139 , 176 44 176
Ctrl-H 140 8 140 - 177 45 177
Ctrl-I 141 9 141 . 178 46 178
Ctrl-J 142 10 142 / 179 47 179
Ctrl-K 143 11 143 0 180 48 180
Ctrl-L 144 12 144 1 181 49 181
Ctrl-M 145 13 145 2 182 50 182
Ctrl-N 146 14 146 3 183 51 183
Ctrl-O 147 15 147 4 184 52 184
Ctrl-P 148 16 148 5 185 53 185
Ctrl-Q 149 17 149 6 186 54 186
Ctrl-R 150 18 150 7 187 55 187
Ctrl-S 151 19 151 8 188 56 188
Ctrl-T 152 20 152 9 189 57 189
Ctrl-U 153 21 153 : 190 58 190
Ctrl-V 154 22 154 ; 191 59 191
Ctrl-W 155 23 155 < 192 60 192
Ctrl-X 156 24 156 = 193 61 193
Ctrl-Y 157 25 157 > 194 62 194
Ctrl-Z 158 26 158 ? 195 63 195
Ctrl-[ 159 27 159 @ 196 64 196
Ctrl-\ 160 28 160 A 197 65 197
Ctrl-] 161 29 161 B 198 66 198
Ctrl-6 162 30 162 C 199 67 199
Ctrl-- 163 31 163 D 200 68 200
(space) 164 32 164 E 201 69 201
! 165 33 165 F 202 70 202
" 166 34 166 G 203 71 203
# 167 35 167 H 204 72 204
$ 168 36 168 I 205 73 205
% 169 37 169 J 206 74 206
AL+ Element AL+ Element
Key code 132 AL Number Key code 132 AL Number
--------- --- --- ------- --------- --- --- -------
K 207 75 207 p 244 112 244
L 208 76 208 q 245 113 245
M 209 77 209 r 246 114 246
N 210 78 210 s 247 115 247
O 211 79 211 t 248 116 248
P 212 80 212 u 249 117 249
Q 213 81 213 v 250 118 250
R 214 82 214 w 251 119 251
S 215 83 215 x 252 120 252
T 216 84 216 y 253 121 253
U 217 85 217 z 254 122 254
V 218 86 218 { 255 123 255
W 219 87 219
X 220 88 220
Y 221 89 221
Z 222 90 222
[ 223 91 223
\ 224 92 224
] 225 93 225
^ 226 94 226
_ 227 95 227
` 228 96 228
a 229 97 229
b 230 98 230
c 231 99 231
d 232 100 232
e 233 101 233
f 234 102 234
g 235 103 235
h 236 104 236
i 237 105 237
j 238 106 238
k 239 107 239
l 240 108 240
m 241 109 241
n 242 110 242
o 243 111 243
CHD-1.DOC
KEYBOARD CODES
This appendix lists the keyboard codes that are returned by the
computer system when a key or key combination is pressed.
The column headings AH and AL refer to the hi and lo registers within
the AX register.
These are the actual values returned by the BIOS interrupt 16H in
assemlby language.
Key Key
Pressed AH AL Pressed AH AL
--------- ----- ----- --------- ----- -----
(space) 57 32 < 51 60
! 2 33 = 13 61
" 40 34 > 52 62
# 4 35 ? 53 63
$ 5 36 @ 3 64
% 6 37 A 30 65
& 8 38 B 48 66
' 40 39 C 46 67
( 10 40 D 32 68
) 11 41 E 18 69
* 9 42 F 33 70
+ 13 43 G 34 71
, 51 44 H 35 72
- 12 45 I 23 73
. 52 46 J 36 74
/ 53 47 K 37 75
0 11 48 L 38 76
1 2 49 M 50 77
2 3 50 N 49 78
3 4 51 O 24 79
4 5 52 P 25 80
5 6 53 Q 16 81
6 7 54 R 19 82
7 8 55 S 31 83
8 9 56 T 20 84
9 10 57 U 22 85
: 39 58 V 47 86
; 39 59 W 17 87
Key Key
Pressed AH AL Pressed AH AL
--------- ----- ----- --------- ----- -----
X 48 88 Ctrl-2 3 0
Y 21 89 BackSp 14 8
Z 44 90 Tab 15 9
[ 26 91 Ctrl-Enter 28 10
\ 43 92 Enter 28 13
] 27 93 Shft-Tab 15 0
^ 7 94 Alt-Q 16 0
_ 12 95 Alt-W 17 0
` 41 96 Alt-E 18 0
a 30 97 Alt-R 19 0
b 48 98 Alt-T 20 0
c 46 99 Alt-Y 21 0
d 32 100 Alt-U 22 0
e 18 101 Alt-I 23 0
f 33 102 Alt-O 24 0
g 34 103 Alt-P 25 0
h 35 104 Esc 1 27
i 23 105 Alt-A 30 0
j 36 106 Alt-S 31 0
k 37 107 Alt-D 32 0
l 38 108 Alt-F 33 0
m 50 109 Alt-G 34 0
n 49 110 Alt-H 35 0
o 24 111 Alt-J 36 0
p 25 112 Alt-K 37 0
q 16 113 Alt-L 38 0
r 19 114 Alt-Z 44 0
s 31 115 Alt-X 45 0
t 20 116 Alt-C 46 0
u 22 117 Alt-V 47 0
v 47 118 Alt-B 48 0
w 17 119 Alt-N 49 0
x 48 120 Alt-M 50 0
y 21 121 F1 59 0
z 44 122 F2 60 0
{ 26 123 F3 61 0
| 43 124 F4 62 0
} 27 125 F5 63 0
~ 41 126 F6 64 0
Key Key
Pressed AH AL Pressed AH AL
--------- ----- ----- --------- ----- -----
F7 65 0 Alt-F6 109 0
F8 66 0 Alt-F7 110 0
F9 67 0 Alt-F8 111 0
F10 68 0 Alt-F9 112 0
Home 71 0 Alt-F10 113 0
UArr 72 0 Ctrl-LArr 115 0
PgUp 73 0 Ctrl-RArr 116 0
LArr 75 0 Ctrl-End 117 0
RArr 77 0 Ctrl-PgDn 118 0
End 79 0 Ctrl-Home 119 0
DArr 80 0 Alt-1 120 0
PgDn 81 0 Alt-2 121 0
Ins 82 0 Alt-3 122 0
Del 83 0 Alt-4 123 0
Shft-F1 84 0 Alt-5 124 0
Shft-F2 85 0 Alt-6 125 0
Shft-F3 86 0 Alt-7 126 0
Shft-F4 87 0 Alt-8 127 0
Shft-F5 88 0 Alt-9 128 0
Shft-F6 89 0 Alt-0 129 0
Shft-F7 90 0 Alt-- 130 0
Shft-F8 91 0 Alt-= 131 0
Shft-F9 92 0 Ctrl-PgUp 132 0
Shft-F10 93 0 Ctrl-A 30 1
Ctrl-F1 94 0 Ctrl-B 48 2
Ctrl-F2 95 0 Ctrl-C 46 3
Ctrl-F3 96 0 Ctrl-D 32 4
Ctrl-F4 97 0 Ctrl-E 18 5
Ctrl-F5 98 0 Ctrl-F 33 6
Ctrl-F6 99 0 Ctrl-G 34 7
Ctrl-F7 100 0 Ctrl-H 35 8
Ctrl-F8 101 0 Ctrl-I 23 9
Ctrl-F9 102 0 Ctrl-J 36 10
Ctrl-F10 103 0 Ctrl-K 37 11
Alt-F1 104 0 Ctrl-L 38 12
Alt-F2 105 0 Ctrl-M 50 13
Alt-F3 106 0 Ctrl-N 49 14
Alt-F4 107 0 Ctrl-O 24 15
Alt-F5 108 0 Ctrl-P 25 16
Key
Pressed AH AL
--------- ----- -----
Ctrl-Q 16 17
Ctrl-R 19 18
Ctrl-S 31 19
Ctrl-T 20 20
Ctrl-U 22 21
Ctrl-V 47 22
Ctrl-W 17 23
Ctrl-X 45 24
Ctrl-Y 21 25
Ctrl-Z 44 26
Ctrl-[ 26 27
Ctrl-\ 43 28
Ctrl-] 27 29
Ctrl-6 7 30
Ctrl-- 12 31
Ctrl-BS 14 127
Ctrl-Break 0 0
CHE-1.DOC
KEYBOARD SCAN CODES
FUNCTION KEYS
Scan | Scan | Scan | Scan |
Key Code | Key Code | Key Code | Key Code |
--- ---- | --- ---- | --- ---- | --- ---- |
F1 59 | F4 62 | F7 65 | F10 68 |
F2 60 | F5 63 | F8 66 | |
F3 61 | F6 64 | F9 67 | |
NUMERIC KEYPAD
Scan | Scan | Scan | Scan |
Key Code | Key Code | Key Code | Key Code |
--- ---- | --- ---- | --- ---- | --- ---- |
7 71 | 4 76 | 1 79 | . 83 |
8 72 | 5 76 | 2 80 | |
9 73 | 6 77 | 3 81 | |
- 74 | + 78 | 0 82 | |
CONTROL KEYS
Scan | Scan
Key Code | Key Code
--- ---- | --- ----
Esc 1 | Ctrl 29
Backspace 14 | Left Shft 42
Num Lock 69 | Right Shft 54
Scroll Lock 70 | Alt 56
Tab 15 | Caps Lock 58
Enter 28 |
LETTER, NUMBER, AND PUNCTUATION KEYS
Scan | Scan | Scan | Scan
Key Code | Key Code | Key Code | Key Code
--- ---- | --- ---- | --- ---- | --- ----
1 2 | W 17 | D 32 | C 46
2 3 | E 18 | F 33 | V 47
3 4 | R 19 | G 34 | B 48
4 5 | T 20 | H 35 | N 49
5 6 | Y 21 | J 36 | M 50
6 7 | U 22 | K 37 | , 51
7 8 | I 23 | L 38 | . 52
8 9 | O 24 | ; 39 | / 53
9 10 | P 25 | ' 40 | (PrtSc) 55
0 11 | [ 26 | ` 41 | (Space) 57
- 12 | ] 27 | \ 43 |
= 13 | A 30 | Z 44 |
Q 16 | S 31 | X 45 |
FILE1247.TXT
Disk No: 1247
Program Title: TURBO ENHANCEMENT TOOLKIT FOR PASCAL
PC-SIG version: 1.0
For programmers who like Turbo Pascal but avoid it because its difficult
to reach "the heart of the machine", here is an invaluable collection of
low-level procedures, including routines for video, printer, disk,
keyboard, and mouse control that are not included in the standard
library.
The TOOLKIT enables true BIOS access from video pages to printer status
bits, which is difficult to obtain in Turbo Pascal. Best of all, this
library includes mouse functions for polling and controlling a mouse,
making professional, user-friendly programs a whole lot easier to
create. Written in assembly language, it's fast and compact.
Usage: Pascal Programming Tools.
Special Requirements: Turbo Pascal Ver 4.0 & 5.0
How to Start: Type GO (press ENTER).
Suggested Registration: $30.00 library, additional $25.00 for source
code.
File Descriptions:
TP4 <DIR> Turbo 4.0 Units.
TP5 <DIR> Turbo 5.0 Units.
CH0-1 DOC Documentation file.
CH1-1 DOC Documentation file.
CH2-1 DOC Documentation file.
CH2-2 DOC Documentation file.
CH3-1 DOC Documentation file.
CH4-1 DOC Documentation file.
CH5-1 DOC Documentation file.
CH6-1 DOC Documentation file.
CHA-1 DOC Documentation file.
CHB-1 DOC Documentation file.
CHC-1 DOC Documentation file.
CHD-1 DOC Documentation file.
CHE-1 DOC Documentation file.
DEMO PAS Pascal source code file.
KBDDEMO PAS Pascal source code file.
PRTDEMO PAS Pascal source code file.
SSGETKEY PAS Pascal source code file.
VIODEMO PAS Pascal source code file.
DEMO EXE Demo program
MANUAL BAT Batch file to copy documentation to your printer.
PC-SIG
1030D E. Duane Avenue
Sunnyvale Ca. 94086
(408) 730-9291
(c) Copyright 1989 PC-SIG Inc.
GO.TXT
╔═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
║ <<<< Disk No 1247 TURBO ENHANCEMENT TOOLKIT FOR PASCAL >>>> ║
╠═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╣
║ ║
║ To print the documentation, type: ║
║ ║
║ MANUAL (press manual) ║
║ ║
║ To run the program, type: ║
║ ║
║ DEMO (press enter) ║
║ ║
╚═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝
Directory of PC-SIG Library Disk #1247
Volume in drive A has no label
Directory of A:\
SSGETKEY PAS 10915 9-12-88 10:01p
CH0-1 DOC 18341 11-15-88 11:33p
CH1-1 DOC 2474 11-05-88 10:58p
CH2-1 DOC 44746 11-05-88 10:58p
CH2-2 DOC 39175 11-05-88 10:58p
CH3-1 DOC 17240 11-05-88 10:58p
CH4-1 DOC 3910 11-05-88 10:58p
CH5-1 DOC 27662 11-05-88 10:58p
CH6-1 DOC 22528 11-05-88 10:58p
CHA-1 DOC 6016 11-05-88 10:58p
CHB-1 DOC 8293 11-05-88 10:58p
CHC-1 DOC 8124 11-05-88 10:58p
CHD-1 DOC 6488 11-05-88 10:58p
CHE-1 DOC 2118 11-05-88 10:58p
VIODEMO PAS 30993 11-05-88 10:12p
KBDDEMO PAS 3330 7-09-88 10:30a
PRTDEMO PAS 2356 7-09-88 10:30a
DEMO PAS 16156 11-03-88 8:35p
DEMO EXE 17504 11-05-88 10:17p
FILE1247 TXT 1908 1-13-89 10:30a
GO BAT 38 10-19-87 3:56p
GO TXT 1002 12-14-88 8:22a
MANUAL BAT 147 6-08-88 3:02p
TP4 <DIR>
TP5 <DIR>
25 file(s) 291464 bytes
Directory of A:\TP4
. <DIR>
.. <DIR>
SSDISK TPU 3120 11-05-88 10:18p
SSDOS TPU 400 9-12-88 10:01p
SSGETKEY TPU 1232 9-12-88 10:01p
SSKBD TPU 1152 9-12-88 10:01p
SSMOUSE TPU 2784 11-03-88 7:28a
SSPRT TPU 640 9-12-88 10:01p
SSVIDEO TPU 11872 9-12-88 10:01p
9 file(s) 21200 bytes
Directory of A:\TP5
. <DIR>
.. <DIR>
SSDISK TPU 3296 11-02-88 9:56p
SSDOS TPU 400 11-02-88 9:56p
SSGETKEY TPU 1312 11-02-88 9:56p
SSKBD TPU 1216 11-02-88 9:56p
SSMOUSE TPU 3680 11-03-88 8:33p
SSPRT TPU 672 11-02-88 9:56p
SSVIDEO TPU 12800 11-02-88 9:57p
9 file(s) 23376 bytes
Total files listed:
43 file(s) 336040 bytes
4096 bytes free